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Clinical Review

How strong is the evidence of a link between environmental chemicals and adverse effects on human reproductive health?

BMJ 2004; 328 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.328.7437.447 (Published 19 February 2004) Cite this as: BMJ 2004;328:447

Rapid Response:

this may be the secular trend, too...

While some connections of environmental chemicals may account for
some reductions in sperm count, there may be another explanation to
account for this worldwide phenomenon. It is my hypothesis that the
secular trend is the result of an increase in percentage of individuals of
higher testosterone. Testosterone actually reduces sperm count;
testosterone is currently being investigated as a male contraceptive.

I suggest the large scale reduction in sperm count may result from
increasing numbers of men with increasingly higher testosterone levels.
An increase in birth-related, adverse pregnancy outcomes is also being
reported in the literature. I suggest the increase in prematurity-
associated adverse birth-related phenomena, pre-eclampsia, etc. are also
due to increasing numbers of women of higher testosterone. A strong case
may be made for testosterone as a cause of these phenomena.

Competing interests:
None declared

Competing interests: No competing interests

20 February 2004
James M. Howard
independent biologist
1037 North Woolsey Avenue, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701-2046, U.S.A.