Estimates of global production in cardiovascular diseases research
Introduction
Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of mortality in the developed world and a significant cause of mortality in the developing world [1]. The scientific community dedicates a considerable amount of research funds in an attempt to improve scientists' knowledge in the etiology and management of cardiovascular diseases.
Several studies have examined the contribution of specific countries and larger areas in different scientific disciplines. However, little is known in the medical literature about the contribution of different world regions to scientific research in the field of cardiac and cardiovascular diseases, including both developed and developing countries.
We sought to examine the quantity and quality of research produced in the area of cardiac and cardiovascular diseases, around the world, as it is represented by the published articles in the electronic database Medline (Index Medicus-PubMed) [2] of the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) database of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) [3] between 1995 and 2002. We also evaluated the relationship of research productivity with funds spent on research and development, as well as the number of scientists involved in each region.
Section snippets
World regions
For the purpose of our study, the world was divided into 9 regions based on a combination of geographic, economic and scientific criteria [4]. The 9 regions are Western Europe, the United States of America (USA), Japan, Canada, Asia, Eastern Europe, Oceania, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Africa. All former socialist countries of Europe and Turkey were included in the category of Eastern Europe. Greenland was designated as Western Europe. Japan was studied as a separate region compared to
Results
A total of 87,939 articles indexed in Pubmed, which were in the “Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems” category of the JCR for the period 1995–2002, were included in our study. We were able to retrieve 86,711 articles (98.6%) and categorised them according to the country of origin based on the methodology described earlier.
In Table 1, we present the total production of articles by world region, and the relative contribution of each region to the total number of articles, from all journals that
Discussion
To our knowledge this is the first study that evaluates the relative contribution of all world regions in research productivity in the field of cardiovascular diseases in the period 1995–2002. Although Western Europe published more articles than USA, it ranked second to USA regarding the mean impact factor of published articles, the number of published articles multiplied by their impact factor, and the association between gross domestic product and number of published articles multiplied by
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