Original articleDrinking Pattern and Mortality:: The Italian Risk Factor and Life Expectancy Pooling Project
Section snippets
Materials and methods
The Risk Factors and Life Expectancy Project represents the pooling of nine different large-scale epidemiological studies focused on cardiovascular diseases conducted in Italy between 1978 and 1987; 47 population samples of men and women were included. Forty-five of the 47 samples were drawn from local electoral rolls in defined geographical or administrative areas, and two samples were drawn from occupational settings. A total of 62,285 men and women 20–69 years of age were included in the
Results
Table 1, Table 2 summarize the characteristics of participants free of CVD at baseline according to drinking pattern in the two sexes separately. Among the 8980 men eligible for the analyses, 959 (11.1%) reported no consumption of alcoholic beverages, 5650 (65.3%) report drinking wine at meals, 600 (6.9%) report drinking wine outside meals, and 1438 (16.7%) report drinking wine and liquors. Among the 6669 women, 2195 (33.7%) reported no consumption of alcoholic beverages, and 4090 (62.6%)
Discussion
In this large cohort of men and women, we found evidence for a potentially important effect of drinking pattern on health. Men and women drinking wine outside meals seemed to experience higher mortality rates as compared to drinkers of wine at meals; whereas, drinking wine with meals is associated with lower mortality from all causes, CVD, and CHD as compared to nondrinkers in men. In women, drinkers of wine with meals experience mortality rates from all and non-CVD causes similar to
Selected Abbreviations and Acronyms
CVD = cardiovascular disease
CHD = coronary heart disease
CVA = cerebrovascular accident
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