Elsevier

Journal of Infection

Volume 25, Issue 3, November 1992, Pages 321-328
Journal of Infection

Meningococcal disease in Wales: Clinical features, outcome and public health management

https://doi.org/10.1016/0163-4453(92)91699-CGet rights and content

Summary

In Wales, in 1988, 119 patients with meningococcal disease were identified, so giving a crude annual incidence of 42 patients per 100000 population. The combined classical clinical features of fever, vomiting, neck stiffness, headache and purpuric rash were identified in only 9 % of patients. Fever and vomiting were the commonest symptoms, both being present in 60 % of patients. A rash was noted in 77 % of patients but neck stiffness in only 39 %. Rash was more common in children, headache and photophobia in adults. A total of 13 patients died, the fatality rate increasing with age from 3% in infants to 20% in older teenagers and adults. Only 15% of 75 patients admitted to hospital by general practitioners were known to have received intravenous or intramuscular penicillin before admission as recommended by the Chief Medical Officers of the Health Departments in the U.K. Only 24 % of patients received rifampicin to clear nasopharyngeal carriage before or at discharge from hospital. Altogether, 375 household contacts of patients were identified. At least 84% of them received chemoprophylaxis.

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