Lowell S Levin: guardian of public health
BMJ 2019; 365 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l2331 (Published 30 May 2019) Cite this as: BMJ 2019;365:l2331- Franklin Apfel,
- Ilona Kickbusch,
- Erio Ziglio
Lowell Levin, professor emeritus of the Yale School of Public Health, was an inspirational source and mentor for many public health students, practitioners, managers, and leaders in the World Health Organisation, academia, and communities around the world.
Lowell focused much of his research, consulting, and teaching on promoting the importance of citizen participation in healthcare, health promotion, self care, and the control of iatrogenic complications in medical care.
“Listen to the community: it’s defining its own problems, and may well know what to do about them.” 1
“There is a hidden healthcare system with clear definitions and roles. Eighty five per cent of healthcare takes place in a big pool without the ‘benefit’ of ‘medical clergy.’” 2
Citizen participation movement
His research and work as a consultant throughout the world have often challenged established public health beliefs and practices. Committed to health promotion, in the 1960s he pioneered the citizen participation movement, focusing on health communication and the social and behavioural factors affecting health (Self Care: Lay Initiatives in Health, 1976). In the 1970s and early 1980s, with the first publication of The Hidden Health Care System and other works, Lowell brought to public health’s attention the role of non-professional resources in strengthening personal capacity for health and wellbeing, primarily self care. In the 1980s Lowell pressed for improvement in the quality of medical care, notably as a co-author of Medicine on Trial: The Appalling Story of Ineptitude, Malfeasance, Neglect, and Arrogance—a 1988 groundbreaking book documenting the extent of medical mistakes and other widespread medical scandals. Lowell inspired people in different disciplines and with …
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