Randomised controlled trials: understanding confounding

Dr. Sedgwick gave four ways of tackling the confounding, viz.:

1. Random allocation
2. Stratifying the random allocation
3. Intention to treat analysis
4. Multiple regressions

Here we would like to add:

1. Strict subject selection criteria: Inclusion and exclusion criteria, where confounders are eliminated or made as selection elligibility criteria

2. Matching for confounders like, same socio-ecnomic status in the two groups, especially in the observational studies.

The above two methods as well will tackle the confounders.