Can specific fruits and vegetables prevent diabetes?

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes continues to reach epidemic proportions worldwide, with no sign of abating.1 On a positive note, clinical trials show that lifestyle interventions can reduce the risk of progression from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes by about 60%.2 Lifestyle interventions that reduce the risk of diabetes have emphasised reduced intake of total and saturated fat; increased intake of vegetables, fruit, and wholegrain cereals; and increased physical activity. All of these interventions contribute to weight loss, which is the major determinant of a successful outcome.3

Given the potential of such a lifestyle package to reduce other illnesses associated with obesity it is hardly surprising that it forms the cornerstone of programmes worldwide aimed at reducing the risk of chronic diseases. However, surprisingly few dietary factors have been convincingly established as independent risk factors for type 2 diabetes.

Because fruit and vegetables are rich in dietary fibre, antioxidant nutrients, and magnesium they are prime candidates for protecting …