Response to antibiotics of women with symptoms of urinary tract infection but negative dipstick urine test results: double blind randomised controlled trial

PAPER SECTION
And topic

Item

Description

Reported on

Page #

TITLE & ABSTRACT

1

How participants were allocated to interventions (e.g., "random allocation", "randomized", or "randomly assigned").

2

INTRODUCTION
Background

2

Scientific background and explanation of rationale.

4,5

METHODS
Participants

3

Eligibility criteria for participants and the settings and locations where the data were collected.

5,6

Interventions

4

Precise details of the interventions intended for each group and how and when they were actually administered.

6

Objectives

5

Specific objectives and hypotheses.

2,5

Outcomes

6

Clearly defined primary and secondary outcome measures and, when applicable, any methods used to enhance the quality of measurements .

7

Sample size

7

How sample size was determined and, when applicable, explanation of any interim analyses and stopping rules.

8

Randomization --
Sequence generation

8

Method used to generate the random allocation sequence, including details of any restrictions

6

Randomization --
Allocation concealment

9

Method used to implement the random allocation sequence clarifying whether the sequence was concealed until interventions were assigned.

6

Randomization --
Implementation

10

Who generated the allocation sequence, who enrolled participants, and who assigned participants to their groups.

5,6,7

Blinding (masking)

11

Whether or not participants, those administering the interventions, and those assessing the outcomes were blinded to group assignment. When relevant, how the success of blinding was evaluated.

7

Statistical methods

12

Statistical methods used to compare groups for primary outcome(s); Methods for additional analyses, such as subgroup analyses and adjusted analyses.

8

RESULTS

Participant flow

13

Flow of participants through each stage (see diagram). Specifically, for each group report the numbers of participants randomly assigned, receiving intended treatment, completing the study protocol, and analyzed for the primary outcome. Describe protocol deviations from study as planned, together with reasons.

6,7,8,920

Recruitment

14

Dates defining the periods of recruitment and follow-up.

9

Baseline data

15

Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of each group.

19

Numbers analyzed

16

Number of participants (denominator) in each group included in each analysis and whether the analysis was by "intention-to-treat".

9,20

Outcomes and estimation

17

For each primary and secondary outcome, a summary of results for each group, and the estimated effect size and its precision

9,10

Ancillary analyses

18

Address multiplicity by reporting any other analyses performed,

N/A

Adverse events

19

All important adverse events or side effects in each intervention group.

11

DISCUSSION
Interpretation

20

Interpretation of the results, taking into account study hypotheses, sources of potential bias or imprecision and the dangers associated with multiplicity of analyses and outcomes.

11,12

Generalizability

21

Generalizability (external validity) of the trial findings.

12

Overall evidence

22

General interpretation of the results in the context of current evidence.

12,13