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Witch doctoring

BMJ 2002; 324 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/sbmj.0205160 (Published 01 May 2002) Cite this as: BMJ 2002;324:0205160
  1. Chee-Lan Chan, fourth year medical student1
  1. 1University of Manchester

Zombies, vampires, and witches are generally the subject of horror films, nowadays. But there are accounts of these beings wreaking havoc in the past. Chee-Lan Chan considers medical explanations for their mysticism

Perhaps the hideous one eyed and two headed monsters of Greek mythology are not as sinister as depicted? Are they actually casualties from the lottery of life? Cyclopia results from a loss of midline tissue in gestation causing either a single eye or a fusion of both the eye, while conjoined twins have one body and two heads due to the abnormal or incomplete splitting of the axial area of the germ disc. In an age where medicine is fast becoming the new religion, can it live up to its omniscience by explaining some seemingly unexplainable mysteries of life? Let us take a look at some other notorious antiquated beliefs.

KOBAL COLLECTION

Zombies, the “living dead”

The concept of the zombie originates from Haitian folklore; it is a being that has been raised from the dead by a boko, a voodoo priest, using black magic. It is believed that the sorcerer, after exhuming the corpse, passes a vial which contains the soul of this body underneath its nose, thus creating the zombie. Zombies can then be exploited by the bokos as slave labour or used to carry out immoral acts.

It is believed that zombies are the living dead, capable of physical activities: walking, eating, hearing, and even talking, but they have no cognitive abilities. They have no memory or knowledge of their condition. In order to prevent the dead from suffering this terrible fate the corpse must be buried face down, mouth against the earth, holding a dagger so it may stab any sorcerer who attempts to meddle with it. The mouth is often sewn up; a corpse can be raised …

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