Disability in young people and adults one year after head injury: prospective cohort study
BMJ 2000; 320 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.320.7250.1631 (Published 17 June 2000) Cite this as: BMJ 2000;320:1631Data supplement
Author Source of Information Estimate
per 100,000 population
/per yr.Field 1976 1 Study of GP Practice and Hospital Inpatient data for England and Wales 2.7 Bryden 1989 2 Social Work Dept study of
prevalence of disability in Strathclyde Region2 Wade 1987 3 Extrapolation from report of admissions to Edinburgh Neurosurgical Unit (4) 10 Kraus 1993 5 Extrapolation from previous U.S. brain injury incidence studies 33-45 Masson 1997 6 Extrapolation from 3 hospitals of 59 surveyed in Aquitaine France 24
References- Field JH. Epidemiology of Head Injuries in England and Wales, Research Division Department of Health & Social Security, 1975.
- Bryden J. How many head injuries? The epidemiology of post head injury disability. In: Models of Brain Injury Rehabilitation. R. Wood & P. Eames (Eds.) John Hopkins University Press 1989; pp 17-26.
- Wade DT, Hewer RL. Epidemiology of some neurological diseases with special reference to work load on the NHS. Int Rehabil Med 1987; 8 (3): 129-37.
- Miller D, Jones PA. The work of a regional head injury service. Lancet 1985; 1:1141-1144.
- Kraus JF, . Epidemiology of head injury. Head Injury 3rd Edition. PR Cooper, 1993
- Masson F, Vecsey J, Salmi LR, Dartigues JF, Erny PH, Maurette P. Disability and handicap 5 years after a head injury: A population based study. J Clin Epidemiol 1997; 50 (5): 595-601.
Table B: Features of 2962 adults admitted after a head injury to one of the five general hospitals in GlasgowTotal
n = 2962Glasgow Coma Score (A&E) Mild 13-152668 90% Moderate 9-12133 5% Severe <=8102 3% Unclassified59 2% Age Mean43 yrs Median39 yrs Range14 – 98 yrs Sex Male2290 77% Female672 23% Cause of Injury Fall1268 43% Assault1018 34% RTA289 10% Other319 11% Missing68 2% Other Injury none890 30% minor1445 49% moderate455 15% major160 5% missing12 0% Alcohol Involved Yes1806 61% Suspected103 4% No828 28% Missing225 8% Drinking Habits Non-drinker332 11% Normal1003 34% Excessive/problem846 29% Requiring treatment155 5% Missing626 21% Social Conditions Lives alone882 30% Lives with family1533 52% Lives with friends119 4% Other262 9% Missing166 6% Physical Limitations No1444 49% Yes833 28% Missing685 23% Report of Previous Head Injury * No1056 36% Yes (GP or A&E)176 6% Yes (Hospitalised)511 17% Yes (Surgery)50 2% Missing1169 39% Mental Problems * No1183 40% Yes (Medication only)97 3% Yes (Treatment)96 3% Yes (Hospitalised)183 6% Missing1403 47% Other Brain Illness * No1522 51% Yes (GP or A&E)54 2% Yes (Adm to hospital)277 9% Yes (Adm & Surgery)14 0% Missing1095 37% Stroke * No2183 74% Yes (GP or A&E)7 0% Yes (Adm to hospital)76 3% Yes (Adm & Surgery)2 0% Missing694 23% Documented History of Brain Illness ** No1779 60% Yes1183 40% * Components of ‘Documented History of Brain Illness
** Any of the four components indicated ‘*’ above
Table C: Problems Reported by Survivors related to Initial Severity GroupingsInitial Severity Survivors Assessed
Mild GCS 13-15
n = 333
Moderate GCS 9-12
n = 81
Severe GCS 3-8
n = 45
Frequency of Reporting Specific Problems(*) Activities of Daily Living % % % Home Eat/DressPhone
Housework
Any
11 10
17
22
17 23
24
28
24 24
38
42
Outside ShopTransport
Leisure
Any
18 19
28
34
22 23
28
38
42 42
49
67
Physical Vision/HearingFits
Sleep
Tiredness
Balance
Headaches
Speech
Any
30 19
38
36
38
46
28
58
35 21
35
37
44
42
42
66
44 36
53
64
58
53
53
82
Mental Cognitive Decision MakingMemory
Concentration
Any
28 36
33
43
29 45
38
49
40 67
62
76
Mood Anxiety/PanicDepression
Irritability/Temper
Any
34 37
40
47
32 40
42
48
58 69
69
76
*N.B. Total subjects providing information about specific problems varies slightly in each group: mild, 321-333; moderate, 77-80; severe 41-45; percentages given are of those responding.
Figure A: Please click the link to access the Problem Orientented Questionaire
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