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Disability in young people and adults one year after head injury: prospective cohort study

BMJ 2000; 320 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.320.7250.1631 (Published 17 June 2000) Cite this as: BMJ 2000;320:1631

Data supplement

  •  
    Table A

    Table B

    Table C

    Figure A

     

    Table A: Reports of Incidence

      AuthorSource of InformationEstimate
      per 100,000 population
      /per yr.
      Field 1976 1Study of GP Practice and Hospital Inpatient data for England and Wales 2.7
      Bryden 1989 2Social Work Dept study of
      prevalence of disability in Strathclyde Region       		2
      Wade 1987 3Extrapolation from report of admissions to Edinburgh Neurosurgical Unit (4)10
      Kraus 1993 5Extrapolation from previous U.S. brain injury incidence studies 33-45
      Masson 1997 6Extrapolation from 3 hospitals of 59 surveyed in Aquitaine France 24 
       
      References
      1. Field JH. Epidemiology of Head Injuries in England and Wales, Research Division Department of Health & Social Security, 1975.
      2. Bryden J. How many head injuries? The epidemiology of post head injury disability. In: Models of Brain Injury Rehabilitation. R. Wood & P. Eames (Eds.) John Hopkins University Press 1989; pp 17-26.
      3. Wade DT, Hewer RL. Epidemiology of some neurological diseases with special reference to work load on the NHS. Int Rehabil Med 1987; 8 (3): 129-37.
      4. Miller D, Jones PA. The work of a regional head injury service. Lancet 1985; 1:1141-1144.
      5. Kraus JF, . Epidemiology of head injury. Head Injury 3rd Edition. PR Cooper, 1993
      6. Masson F, Vecsey J, Salmi LR, Dartigues JF, Erny PH, Maurette P. Disability and handicap 5 years after a head injury: A population based study. J Clin Epidemiol 1997; 50 (5): 595-601.
          Table B: Features of 2962 adults admitted after a head injury to one of the five general hospitals in Glasgow
           
          Total
          n = 2962
          Glasgow Coma Score (A&E)  
          Mild 13-15
          2668
          90%
          Moderate 9-12
          133
          5%
          Severe <=8
          102
          3%
          Unclassified
          59
          2%
          Age  
          Mean
          43 yrs
          Median
          39 yrs
          Range
          14 – 98 yrs
          Sex  
          Male
          2290
          77%
          Female
          672
          23%
          Cause of Injury  
          Fall
          1268
          43%
          Assault
          1018
          34%
          RTA
          289
          10%
          Other
          319
          11%
          Missing
          68
          2%
          Other Injury  
          none
          890
          30%
          minor
          1445
          49%
          moderate
          455
          15%
          major
          160
          5%
          missing
          12
          0%
          Alcohol Involved  
          Yes
          1806
          61%
          Suspected
          103
          4%
          No
          828
          28%
          Missing
          225
          8%
          Drinking Habits  
          Non-drinker
          332
          11%
          Normal
          1003
          34%
          Excessive/problem
          846
          29%
          Requiring treatment
          155
          5%
          Missing
          626
          21%
          Social Conditions  
          Lives alone
          882
          30%
          Lives with family
          1533
          52%
          Lives with friends
          119
          4%
          Other
          262
          9%
          Missing
          166
          6%
          Physical Limitations  
          No
          1444
          49%
          Yes
          833
          28%
          Missing
          685
          23%
          Report of Previous Head Injury *  
          No
          1056
          36%
          Yes (GP or A&E)
          176
          6%
          Yes (Hospitalised)
          511
          17%
          Yes (Surgery)
          50
          2%
          Missing
          1169
          39%
          Mental Problems *  
          No
          1183
          40%
          Yes (Medication only)
          97
          3%
          Yes (Treatment)
          96
          3%
          Yes (Hospitalised)
          183
          6%
          Missing
          1403
          47%
          Other Brain Illness *  
          No
          1522
          51%
          Yes (GP or A&E)
          54
          2%
          Yes (Adm to hospital)
          277
          9%
          Yes (Adm & Surgery)
          14
          0%
          Missing
          1095
          37%
          Stroke *  
          No
          2183
          74%
          Yes (GP or A&E)
          7
          0%
          Yes (Adm to hospital)
          76
          3%
          Yes (Adm & Surgery)
          2
          0%
          Missing
          694
          23%
          Documented History of Brain Illness **  
          No
          1779
          60%
          Yes
          1183
          40%

          * Components of ‘Documented History of Brain Illness

          ** Any of the four components indicated ‘*’ above


          Table C: Problems Reported by Survivors related to Initial Severity Groupings

            Initial Severity

            Survivors Assessed
            Mild

            GCS 13-15

            n = 333 
            Moderate

            GCS 9-12

            n = 81
            Severe

            GCS 3-8

            n = 45

            Frequency of Reporting Specific Problems(*)
            Activities of Daily Living
            %
            %
            %
            Home
            Eat/Dress

            Phone

            Housework

            Any
            11

            10

            17

            22
            17

            23

            24

            28

             
            24

            24

            38

            42

            Outside
            Shop

            Transport

            Leisure

            Any
            18

            19

            28

            34
            22

            23

            28

            38
            42

            42

            49

            67

            Physical   
            Vision/Hearing

            Fits

            Sleep

            Tiredness

            Balance

            Headaches

            Speech

            Any
            30

            19

            38

            36

            38

            46

            28

            58
            35

            21

            35

            37

            44

            42

            42

            66
            44

            36

            53

            64

            58

            53

            53

            82

            Mental   
            Cognitive
            Decision Making

            Memory

            Concentration

            Any
            28

            36

            33

            43
            29 

            45 

            38

            49
            40 

            67 

            62

            76

            Mood
            Anxiety/Panic

            Depression

            Irritability/Temper

            Any
            34 

            37

            40

            47
            32

            40

            42

            48
            58

            69

            69

            76

            *N.B. Total subjects providing information about specific problems varies slightly in each group: mild, 321-333; moderate, 77-80; severe 41-45; percentages given are of those responding.


            Figure A:  Please click the link to access the Problem Orientented Questionaire
             
             

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