Influence of age and renal function on high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T diagnostic accuracy for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction

Am J Cardiol. 2013 Jun 15;111(12):1701-7. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2013.02.024. Epub 2013 Mar 26.

Abstract

Concerns have been raised about the performance of highly sensitive cardiac troponin assays to accurately detect acute myocardial infarction (AMI), particularly in non-ST segment elevation (NSTEMI), in elderly patients, and in patients with renal failure. We evaluated whether increased age and low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) alter diagnostic performance of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (HScTnT). In a prospective multicentric study, HScTnT levels were measured blindly at presentation in patients with acute chest pain. Three hundred and sixty-seven patients were enrolled, including 84 patients ≥70 years. Final diagnosis was AMI for 57 patients (16%) and NSTEMI for 43 patients (12%). NSTEMI was more frequent in elderly patients (p = 0.008). Sensitivity and specificity of HScTnT >14 ng/L at admission for AMI were 96% and 51% in patients ≥70 years versus 91% (NS) and 88% (p <0.0001) in younger patients; the same observations were done for the diagnosis of NSTEMI. Given an HScTnT >53.5 ng/L for the diagnosis of AMI and NSTEMI, respective sensitivities were 87% and 84% and respective specificities were 87% and 87% in elderly patients. Using a cutoff at 35.8 ng/L (for AMI) or 43.2 ng/L (for NSTEMI), sensitivities were 94% and 92%, and specificities were 86% and 88% in patients with low eGFR. Older age, but not low eGFR, was an independent predictive factor of an elevated HScTnT at admission (odds ratio 2.2 [1.2-3.9], p = 0.007). In conclusion, adapted thresholds of HScTnT are required for an accurate diagnosis of AMI/NSTEMI in patients aged ≥70 and in those with low eGFR.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Distribution
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Chest Pain / etiology
  • Female
  • France
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate
  • Humans
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / blood
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / physiopathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / blood*
  • Myocardial Infarction / complications
  • Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis*
  • Myocardial Infarction / mortality
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Time Factors
  • Troponin T / blood*

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Troponin T