Evidence suggests that flavonoid-containing diets reduce cardiovascular risk, but the mechanisms responsible are unclear. In the present study, we sought to determine the effect of flavanol-rich cocoa on vascular function in individuals with CAD (coronary artery disease). Forty subjects (61±8 years; 30 male) with CAD were recruited to a 6-week randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. Subjects consumed either a flavanol-rich chocolate bar and cocoa beverage daily (total flavanols, 444 mg/day) or matching isocaloric placebos daily (total flavanols, 19.6 mg/day) for 6 weeks. Brachial artery FMD (flow-mediated dilation) and SAC (systemic arterial compliance) were assessed at baseline, 90 min following the first beverage and after 3 and 6 weeks of daily consumption. Soluble cellular adhesion molecules and FBF (forearm blood flow) responses to ACh (acetylcholine chloride; 3–30 μg/min) and SNP (sodium nitroprusside; 0.3–3 μg/min) infusions, forearm ischaemia and isotonic forearm exercise were assessed at baseline and after 6 weeks. FMD, SAC and FBF responses did not differ between groups at baseline. No acute or chronic changes in FMD or SAC were seen in either group. No difference in soluble cellular adhesion molecules, FBF responses to ischaemia, exercise, SNP or ACh was seen in the group receiving flavanol-rich cocoa between baseline and 6 weeks. These data suggest that over a 6-week period, flavanolrich cocoa does not modify vascular function in patients with established CAD.
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July 2006
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Research Article|
June 14 2006
Acute and chronic effects of flavanol-rich cocoa on vascular function in subjects with coronary artery disease: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study
H. M. Omar Farouque;
H. M. Omar Farouque
1
*Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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Michael Leung;
Michael Leung
*Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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Sarah A. Hope;
Sarah A. Hope
*Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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Mauro Baldi;
Mauro Baldi
*Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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Clyde Schechter;
Clyde Schechter
†Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, U.S.A.
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James D. Cameron;
James D. Cameron
*Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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Ian T. Meredith
*Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
Correspondence: Dr Ian T. Meredith (email ian.meredith@med.monash.edu.au).
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
February 24 2006
Accepted:
March 22 2006
Accepted Manuscript online:
March 22 2006
Online ISSN: 1470-8736
Print ISSN: 0143-5221
The Biochemical Society
2006
Clin Sci (Lond) (2006) 111 (1): 71–80.
Article history
Received:
February 24 2006
Accepted:
March 22 2006
Accepted Manuscript online:
March 22 2006
Citation
H. M. Omar Farouque, Michael Leung, Sarah A. Hope, Mauro Baldi, Clyde Schechter, James D. Cameron, Ian T. Meredith; Acute and chronic effects of flavanol-rich cocoa on vascular function in subjects with coronary artery disease: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 July 2006; 111 (1): 71–80. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20060048
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