Elsevier

The Journal of Pediatrics

Volume 104, Issue 2, February 1984, Pages 297-302
The Journal of Pediatrics

Treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis in childhood: A comparative study of amoxicillin and cefaclor*

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(84)81018-5Get rights and content

Maxillary sinus aspiration and quantitative culture of the aspirate were performed in 50 patients, ranging in age from 1 to 16 years, with clinical and radiographic evidence of acute sinusitis. Of 79 sinuses aspirated, at least one was found to be infected in 35 (70%) children. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Branhamella catarrhalis, and Haemophilus influenzae were the most common organisms recovered. All H. influenzae were nontypeable. Twenty percent of the H. influenzae and 27% of the B. catarrhalis organisms were β-lactamase positive and amoxicillin resistant. The subjects received either amoxicillin or cefaclor at a dose of 40 mg/kg/day in three doses for 10 days. The clinical cure rate with amoxicillin was 81%, compared to 78% with cefaclor. Radiographic improvement was similar in both treatment groups. Antibiotic therapy failed in four patients; three had been given amoxicillin, and one cefalor. In three of these, a β-lactamase-positive antibiotic-resistant bacterial species was recovered from the maxillary sinus aspirate; the fourth aspirate was sterile.

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*

Supported by a grant from Eli Lilly & Company, Indianapolis.

1

From the Departments of Pediatrics (Divisions of Infectious Disease and Ambulatory Care), Otolaryngology, and Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh.

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