Sample characteristics at baseline. Data are no (%) unless stated otherwise
| WSD telehealth trial (parent trial) | WSD telehealth questionnaire study (nested study) | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline cohort | Available case cohort | Complete case cohort | |||||||||||||
| TH (n=1605; 49.7%) | UC (n=1625; 50.3%) | Total (n=3230) | TH (n=845; 53.7%) | UC (n=728; 46.3%) | Total (n=1573) | TH (n=670; 55.8%) | UC (n=531; 44.2%) | Total (n=1201) | TH (n=431; 56.8%) | UC (n=328; 43.2%) | Total (n=759) | ||||
| WSD site | |||||||||||||||
| Cornwall | 566 (35.3) | 625 (38.5) | 1191 (36.9) | 256 (30.3) | 234 (32.1) | 490 (31.2) | 221 (33.0) | 168 (31.6) | 389 (32.4) | 149 (34.6) | 107 (32.6) | 256 (33.7) | |||
| Kent | 583 (36.3) | 595 (36.6) | 1178 (36.5) | 343 (40.6) | 283 (38.9) | 626 (39.8) | 285 (42.5) | 216 (40.7) | 501 (41.7) | 202 (46.9) | 153 (46.6) | 355 (46.8) | |||
| Newham | 456 (28.4) | 405 (24.9) | 861 (26.7) | 246 (29.1) | 211 (29.0) | 457 (29.1) | 164 (24.5) | 147 (27.7) | 311 (25.9) | 80 (18.6) | 68 (20.7) | 148 (19.5) | |||
| Sex | |||||||||||||||
| Female | 664 (41.4) | 658 (40.5) | 1322 (40.9) | 350 (41.4) | 290 (39.8) | 640 (40.7) | 271 (40.4) | 207 (39.0) | 478 (39.8) | 171 (39.7) | 124 (37.8) | 295 (38.9) | |||
| Male | 941 (58.6) | 967 (59.5) | 1908 (59.1) | 495 (58.6) | 438 (60.2) | 933 (59.3) | 399 (59.6) | 324 (61.0) | 723 (60.2) | 260 (60.3) | 204 (62.2) | 464 (61.1) | |||
| Ethnicity* | |||||||||||||||
| Non-white | 187 (11.7)† | 180 (11.1)† | 367 (11.4)† | 111.5 (13.2)* | 99.9 (13.7)* | 211.4 (13.4)* | 75 (11.2) | 68 (12.8) | 143 (11.9) | 30 (7.0) | 23 (7.0) | 53 (7.0) | |||
| White | 1251 (77.9)† | 1264 (77.8)† | 2515 (77.9)† | 733.5 (86.8)* | 628.1 (86.3)* | 1361.6 (86.6)* | 595 (88.8) | 463 (87.2) | 1058 (88.1) | 401 (93.0) | 305 (93.0) | 706 (93.0) | |||
| Data missing | 167 (10.4)† | 181 (11.1)† | 348 (10.8)† | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| Long term condition diagnoses‡ | |||||||||||||||
| COPD | 902 (56.2) | 962 (59.2) | 1864 (57.7) | 416 (49.2) | 327 (44.9) | 743 (47.2) | 339 (50.6) | 237 (44.6) | 576 (48.0) | 238 (55.2) | 158 (48.2) | 396 (52.2) | |||
| Diabetes | 570 (35.5) | 485 (29.8) | 1055 (32.7) | 339 (40.1) | 283 (38.9) | 622 (39.5) | 243 (36.3) | 205 (38.6) | 448 (37.3) | 128 (29.7) | 108 (32.9) | 236 (31.1) | |||
| Heart failure | 566 (35.3) | 581 (35.8) | 1147 (35.5) | 336 (39.8) | 327 (44.9) | 663 (42.1) | 284 (42.4) | 248 (46.7) | 532 (44.3) | 178 (41.3) | 162 (49.4) | 340 (44.8) | |||
| Other (mean (SD)) | |||||||||||||||
| Age (years) | 69.68 (11.55) | 70.80 (11.64) | 70.24 (11.61) | 70.11 (11.81) | 70.61 (11.78) | 70.34 (11.79) | 70.14 (10.98) | 70.46 (11.61) | 70.28 (11.26) | 70.61 (9.72) | 71.21 (11.00) | 70.87 (10.29) | |||
| Deprivation (IMD)* | 28.34 (14.82)† | 27.93 (13.53)† | 28.13 (14.18)† | 27.71 (15.01)* | 28.55 (13.79)* | 28.10 (14.46)* | 26.15 (14.24)* | 28.10 (13.77)* | 27.01 (14.07)* | 24.44 (13.62)* | 25.76 (12.96)* | 25.01 (13.35)* | |||
| No of comorbidities | 1.75 (1.79) | 1.80 (1.82) | 1.77 (1.81) | 1.84 (1.80) | 2.02 (1.86) | 1.92 (1.83) | 1.85 (1.78) | 2.00 (1.88) | 1.92 (1.83) | 1.72 (1.76) | 1.93 (1.84) | 1.81 (1.80) | |||
| No of TH devices | 2.68 (0.70) | 0.04 (0.36) | 1.35 (1.43) | 2.77 (0.68) | 0.07 (0.49) | 1.52 (1.47) | 2.74 (0.69) | 0.07 (0.47) | 1.56 (1.46) | 2.69 (0.65) | 0.04 (0.32) | 1.54 (1.42) | |||
TH=telehealth; UC=usual care; COPD=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IMD=index of multiple deprivation score; available case cohort=includes baseline assessments and short term or long term assessment; complete case cohort=includes assessments at all three time points (baseline, four months (short term), 12 months (long term)).
*Participants (≤12) had missing data for ethnicity or deprivation in some cohorts of the questionnaire study. Missing values were multiply imputed (m=10), and the values reported are imputed averages.
†The parent trial cohort had more participants than the questionnaire study cohort with missing data for ethnicity (n=348) and deprivation (n=12). These missing values were not imputed; instead, missing values are reported explicitly for ethnicity, while for deprivation we reported the means (and standard deviations) based on 3218 (99.6%) participants with data available. All other values are based on complete (non-imputed) data.
‡Participants could have had more than one diagnosis; therefore, the percentages do not add up to 100%.