Baseline characteristics of 458 randomized participants
| Control group (n=237) | Intervention group (n=221) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years)* | 49.1 (6.55) | 48.7 (6.82) |
| Body mass index* | 25.4 (2.60) | 25.1 (2.39) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)*† | 136.9 (21.1) | 136.6 (20.1) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)*† | 88.5 (12.0) | 88.5 (12.5) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL; 1 mg/dL=0.03 mmol/L)* | 282.0 (55.6) | 281.3 (63.4) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL; 1 mg/dL=0.01 mmol/L)* | 185.9 (132.9) | 189.0 (199.1) |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL; 1 mg/dL=0.06 mmol/L)* | 82.2 (11.6) | 84.0 (12.9) |
| Uric acid (mg/dL; 1 mg/dL=59.48 µmol/L)* | 6.7 (1.55) | 6.7 (1.55) |
| Marital status | ||
| Married | 206 (86.9) | 204 (92.3) |
| Single/divorced/widowed | 31 (13.1) | 17 (7.7) |
| Presenting event related to coronary heart disease | ||
| Myocardial infarction | 203 (85.7) | 192 (86.9) |
| Acute angina or coronary insufficiency | 34 (14.3) | 29 (13.1) |
| Smoking status | ||
| Smokers at admission | 163 (68.8) | 158 (71.5) |
| Alcohol use at admission (kcal; 1 kcal=4.18 kJ) | ||
| Non-drinker | 64 (27.0) | 60 (27.2) |
| Light (<200 kcal/day) | 86 (36.3) | 78 (35.3) |
| Moderate (200-500 kcal/day) | 44 (18.6) | 37 (16.7) |
| Heavy (>200 kcal/day) | 43 (18.1) | 46 (20.8) |
| Dyspnea | ||
| No dyspnea | 148 (62.4) | 133 (60.2) |
| On severe exertion | 69 (29.1) | 62 (28.0) |
| On mild exertion/at rest | 20 (8.4) | 26 (11.8) |
| Glucose metabolism§ | ||
| Normal | 171 (72.2) | 157 (71.0) |
| Prediabetes | 53 (22.4) | 46 (20.8) |
| Diabetes | 13 (5.5) | 18 (8.1) |
Data are no (%) of participants unless stated otherwise.
*Data are mean (standard deviation).
†Blood pressure measured in 5 unit intervals.
§Glucose response classification based on results of a challenge of 50 mg oral glucose, according to 1968 criteria of Joplin and Wright.83