Table 3

Stratified analyses of relative risk of coronary heart disease and stroke

	No of reports*	Relative risk (95% CI)	P for heterogeneity	I²	P for test
Coronary heart disease
Total cases	9	0.99 (0.85 to 1.15)	0.97	0.0	0.88
Fatal cases	4	1.18 (0.71 to 1.96)	0.91	0.0	0.53
Coronary heart disease with diabetes†	5	1.54 (1.14 to 2.09)	0.59	0.0	0.01
Subgroup analyses for total coronary heart disease
Sex
Male	4	1.06 (0.89 to 1.25)	0.83	0.0	0.53
Female	3	0.99 (0.83 to 1.20)	0.99	0.0	0.95
Study location
USA	6	1.01 (0.90 to 1.13)	0.96	0.0	0.89
Asia	3	0.95 (0.64 to 1.41)	0.76	0.0	0.79
No of participants
>10 000	4	0.97 (0.81 to 1.15)	0.87	0.0	0.70
≤10 000	5	1.14 (0.83 to 1.56)	0.93	0.0	0.42
No of cases
>500	4	1.00 (0.89 to 1.13)	0.79	0.0	0.94
≤500	5	0.96 (0.67 to 1.37)	0.93	0.0	0.83
Duration of follow-up
>15 years	2	1.02 (0.89 to 1.16)	0.40	0.0	0.83
≤15 years	7	0.98 (0.81 to 1.19)	0.98	0.0	0.85
Repeated egg consumption measurements
Yes	4	0.97 (0.81 to 1.15)	0.87	0.0	0.70
No	5	1.14 (0.83 to 1.56)	0.93	0.0	0.42
Study quality
Score ≥8	5	0.97 (0.80 to 1.17)	0.93	0.0	0.74
Score <8	4	1.06 (0.88 to 1.28)	0.81	0.0	0.55
Controlling for other diet variables in models‡
Yes	6	0.97 (0.82 to 1.15)	0.97	0.0	0.73
No	5	1.14 (0.84 to 1.55)	0.92	0.0	0.40
Controlling for serum cholesterol levels or use of cholesterol lowering drugs in models
Yes	5	0.97 (0.75 to 1.26)	0.65	0.0	0.83
No	4	1.01 (0.86 to 1.18)	0.97	0.0	0.94
Stroke
Total stroke	8	0.91 (0.81 to 1.02)	0.46	0.0	0.10
Fatal stroke	4	0.94 (0.81 to 1.10)	0.47	0.0	0.46
Hemorrhagic stroke†	3	0.75 (0.57 to 0.99)	0.21	36.8	0.04
Ischemic stroke†	4	0.91 (0.82 to 1.01)	0.79	0.0	0.08
Stroke with diabetes†	3	0.80 (0.29 to 2.15)	0.09	58.9	0.65
Subgroup analyses for total stroke
Sex
Male	4	0.89 (0.77 to 1.03)	<0.001	90.5	0.13
Female	4	0.91 (0.77 to 1.07)	0.24	29.0	0.25
Study location
USA	5	0.90 (0.79 to 1.03)	0.38	4.9	0.13
Asia	3	0.94 (0.83 to 1.07)	0.28	20.6	0.34
No of participants
>10 000	4	0.90 (0.80 to 1.02)	0.25	26.9	0.10
≤10 000	4	0.97 (0.75 to 1.27)	0.50	0.0	0.85
No of cases
>500	5	0.91 (0.81 to 1.02)	0.38	5.0	0.09
≤500	3	1.00 (0.63 to 1.59)	0.35	4.2	0.99
Duration of follow-up
>15 years	5	0.91 (0.81 to 1.02)	0.38	5.0	0.09
≤15 years	3	1.00 (0.63 to 1.59)	0.35	4.2	0.99
Repeated egg consumption measurements
Yes	3	0.90 (0.78 to 1.04)	0.13	51.5	0.14
No	5	0.94 (0.83 to 1.08)	0.64	0.0	0.38
Study quality
Score ≥7.5	5	1.03 (0.88 to 1.20)	0.51	0.0	0.71
Score <7.5	3	0.88 (0.77 to 1.01)	0.82	0.0	0.07
Controlling for other diet variables in models‡
Yes	4	0.90 (0.79 to 1.04)	0.25	26.6	0.14
No	5	0.95 (0.83 to 1.08)	0.62	0.0	0.43
Controlling for serum cholesterol levels or use of cholesterol lowering drugs in models
Yes	4	1.04 (0.91 to 1.18)	0.34	10.0	0.60
No	4	0.89 (0.77 to 1.01)	0.94	0.0	0.07

*Five articles reported their results by sex group; therefore, there were nine reports from six articles for coronary heart disease and eight reports from six articles for stroke.

†Owing to a lack of data for person years, results are relative risks (95% confidence intervals) comparing highest with lowest egg consumption.

‡Study by Scrafford and colleagues reported results both controlling for diet variables and not.