Subgroups of results from randomised controlled trials in adults
| Subgroup factor, group | Effect size in kg (95% CI) | No of comparisons, I2 (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Overall analysis: all arms | −1.57 (−1.97 to −1.16) | 27, 75 |
| Study duration (months): | ||
| 6-11 | −1.75 (−2.28 to −1.22) | 13, 63 |
| 12-23 | −2.00 (−2.51 to −1.48) | 17, 71 |
| 24-59 | −1.18 (−1.65 to −0.70) | 9, 56 |
| ≥60 | −0.68 (−1.66 to 0.29) | 4, 58 |
| Control group fat intake (% energy): | ||
| >35 | −1.20 (−1.62 to −0.78) | 11, 64 |
| >30-35 | −1.06 (−1.96 to −0.17) | 10, 69 |
| >25-30 | −2.97 (−3.60 to −2.33) | 5, 1 |
| Participant sex: | ||
| Men | −2.74 (−4.32 to −1.17) | 4, 76 |
| Women | −1.42 (−1.93 to −0.92) | 16, 70 |
| Mixed | −1.27 (−2.08 to −0.47) | 7, 75 |
| Publication decade: | ||
| 1960s | −4.10 (−8.06 to −0.14) | 1 |
| 1970s | No trials | |
| 1980s | −0.91 (−1.80 to −0.01) | 3, 0 |
| 1990s | −1.94 (−2.57 to −1.31) | 16, 77 |
| 2000s | −0.95 (−1.57 to −0.33) | 7, 72 |
| Fat intake goal in intervention group (% energy): | ||
| ≥35 | No data | |
| 30-34 | −0.96 (−1.66 to −0.26) | 3, 0 |
| 25-29 | −2.39 (−3.82 to −0.97) | 6, 87 |
| 20-24 | −0.85 (−1.13 to −0.57) | 6, 14 |
| 15-19 | −1.28 (−2.19 to −0.37) | 7, 58 |
| Difference in fat intake between intervention and control (% energy): | ||
| ≤5 | −0.19 (−0.88 to 0.50) | 6, 19 |
| 5-9 | −2.08 (−2.77 to −1.39) | 13, 82 |
| 10-14 | −1.34 (−1.70 to −0.98) | 4, 26 |
| ≥15 | −3.89 (−8.76 to 0.99) | 3, 68 |
| Fat intake in intervention (control >30% energy): | ||
| >30 | −0.83 (−1.29 to −0.38) | 6, 0 |
| ≤30 | −1.20 (−1.69 to −0.72) | 15, 74 |
| Baseline body mass index: | ||
| <25 | −0.96 (−1.69 to −0.22) | 8, 56 |
| 25-29 | −1.82 (−2.37 to −1.28) | 16, 82 |
| ≥30 | −2.06 (−2.96 to −1.17) | 2, 0 |
| Baseline health status: | ||
| Healthy | −0.98 (−1.56 to −0.41) | 3, 87 |
| Risk factors | −2.11 (−2.93 to −1.29) | 15, 74 |
| Illness | −1.20 (−1.85 to −0.56) | 9, 44 |
| Energy intake* in reduced fat group compared with control: | ||
| Same or greater | −0.51 (−1.49 to 0.49) | 4, 25 |
| 4-418 kJ/day lower | −1.49 (−2.92 to −0.06) | 4, 66 |
| 419-837 kJ/day lower | −1.14 (−2.24 to −0.04) | 5, 80 |
| >837 kJ/day lower | −2.15 (−2.78 to −1.52) | 11, 77 |
*418 kJ=100 kcal.