Maternal personal and clinical characteristics
| Characteristics | No bipolar disorder (n=331 263) | Bipolar disorder | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mood stabilisers (n=554) | Mood stabilisers* (n=320) | ||
| Maternal country of birth: | |||
| Sweden | 259 956 (78.5) | 482 (87.0) | 277 (86.6) |
| Other Nordic countries | 66 037 (19.9) | 59 (10.6) | 37 (11.6) |
| Non-Nordic countries | 5270 (1.6) | 13 (2.3) | 6 (1.9) |
| Maternal age at delivery: | |||
| <25 years | 48 336 (14.6) | 93 (16.8) | 59 (18.4) |
| 25-34 years | 211 660 (63.9) | 324 (58.5) | 193 (60.3) |
| ≥35 years | 71 267 (21.5) | 137 (24.7) | 68 (21.3) |
| Birth order: | |||
| 1 | 149 207 (45.0) | 260 (46.9) | 172 (53.8) |
| 2-3 | 163 692 (49.4) | 260 (46.9) | 129 (40.3) |
| ≥4 | 18 364 (5.5) | 34 (6.1) | 19 (5.9) |
| Maternal cohabitation: | |||
| With father of child | 312 737 (94.4) | 483 (87.2) | 267 (83.4) |
| Single | 5651 (1.7) | 29 (5.2) | 23 (7.2) |
| Other | 12 875 (3.9) | 42 (7.6) | 30 (9.4) |
| Maternal smoking in early pregnancy: | |||
| No | 308 233 (93.0) | 444 (80.1) | 251 (78.4) |
| <10 | 17 765 (5.4) | 76 (13.7) | 42 (13.1) |
| ≥10 | 5265 (1.6) | 34 (6.1) | 27 (8.4) |
| Maternal body mass index in early pregnancy: | |||
| <18.5 | 7706 (2.3) | 11 (2.0) | 2 (0.6) |
| 18.5-24.9 | 195 804 (59.1) | 271 (48.9) | 148 (46.3) |
| 25.0-29.9 | 78 639 (23.7) | 155 (28.0) | 83 (25.9) |
| ≥30.0 | 37 330 (11.3) | 92 (16.6) | 66 (20.6) |
| Ever admitted to psychiatric hospital before pregnancy | 8339 (2.5) | 266 (48.0) | 216 (67.5) |
| Time since most recent admission to psychiatric hospital : | |||
| < 1 year | 298 (3.6) | 26 (9.8) | 68 (31.5) |
| 1-2 years | 1479 (17.7) | 68 (25.6) | 65 (30.1) |
| >2 years | 6562 (78.7) | 172 (64.7) | 83 (38.4) |
| Admitted to psychiatric hospital during present pregnancy | 191 (0.1) | 4 (0.7) | 8 (2.5) |
| Diagnosis of substance misuse disorder†: | 5793 (1.7) | 93 (17.0) | 66 (20.1) |
| Alcohol misuse | 4087 (1.2) | 57 (10.3) | 41 (12.8) |
| Other substance misuse | 2522 (0.8) | 60 (10.8) | 47 (14.7) |
*Lithium, antipsychotics, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, or valproate.
†Inpatient or outpatient diagnoses since 1997 with ICD-10 codes F10-F19.