This week, the New England Journal of Medicine published the randomised controlled trial JUPITER,1 which compared rosuvastatin (20 mg daily) with placebo in 18 000 patients with no apparent vascular disease, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) of less than 3.4 mmol/l (130 mg/dl), and high sensitivity C reactive protein concentrations of 2.0 mg/l or higher. The combined primary end point was myocardial infarction, stroke, arterial revascularisation, hospital admission for unstable angina, or death from cardiovascular causes. The trial was stopped after a median of two years after a highly significant improvement in the primary end point with rosuvastatin (hazard ratio 0.56; 95% confidence interval 0.46 to 0.69; P<0.00001). It is hardly surprising that the JUPITER study is seen by many as opening the door to new avenues to prevention.

What do the results mean? Do we really have to change our ways of targeting our preventive efforts—for example, measure high sensitivity C reactive protein on a regular basis? …