Cardiac impairment or heart failure?: “Impairment” is no less alarming or confusing than “failure”

BMJ 2005; 331 doi: 10.1136/bmj.331.7516.577-a (Published 8 September 2005)
Cite this as: BMJ 2005;331:577.2

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  1. Atef Michael, specialist registrar (a.michael2@ukonline.co.uk)
  1. Queen's Hospital, Burton on Trent DE15 0AR

    EDITOR—Lehman et al consider the term “heart failure” to be imprecise and confusing, preferring “cardiac impairment.”1

    However, the term “cardiac impairment” is as …

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