Most vaginal surgery in childhood should be deferred

For over 40 years doctors have been in the impossible situation of making momentous decisions for intersex children, without well founded scientific principles and with little more to guide them than a personal hunch that they were doing the “right thing for the child.” Despite rapid advances in understanding sexual differentiation and increased accuracy of diagnosis, the clinical management of intersex has changed little. Recently the medical profession has been confronted by the powerfully critical voices of intersex consumer groups (www.cah.org.uk/; www.isna.org/; www.medhelp.org/www/ais). With a serious deficiency of any evidence base, emotive debates on ethics, and clinical concerns over the long term consequences of interventions, it is time to stand back and rethink every aspect of this management.1^–4

Intersex conditions consist of a blending or mix of the internal and external physical features usually classified as male or female—for example, an infant with ambiguous genitalia or a woman with XY chromosomes. Actual prevalence figures are unknown, with population estimates of 0.1% to 2%, though figures can be distorted by varying definitions of intersex.5 When intersex is recognised in infancy, doctors decide if the …