Table 2 Components of multifactorial falls risk assessment
|
Trial
|
Orthostatic blood pressure
|
Vision
|
Balance and gait
|
Drug review
|
Instrumental activities of daily living or activities of daily living
|
Cognitive evaluation
|
Environmental hazards
|
Other
|
Carpenter 1990w4
|
No
|
No
|
No
|
No
|
Yes
|
No
|
No
|
|
Fabacher 1994w13
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Assessment of hearing and depression
|
Rubenstein 1990w30
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Neurological and musculoskeletal examination, laboratory tests, 24 hour heart monitor
|
Tinetti 1994w37
|
Yes
|
No
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
No
|
No
|
Yes
|
Muscle strength and range of motion
|
Wagner 1994w39
|
No
|
Yes
|
No
|
Yes
|
No
|
No
|
Yes
|
Hearing, assessment of alcohol misuse, assessment of physical activity
|
Gallagher 1996w15
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
List of health problems
|
Coleman 1999w7
|
No
|
No
|
No
|
Yes
|
No
|
No
|
No
|
Self management skills, health assessment
|
Close 1999w6
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Affect, carotid sinus studies (if clinical suspicion)
|
McMurdo 2000w21
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
No
|
Yes
|
No
|
No
|
No
|
Review of lighting in environment
|
Van Haastregt 2000w38
|
No
|
No
|
No
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Physical health, psychosocial functioning
|
Millar 1999w24
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
No
|
Yes
|
No
|
No
|
No
|
Review of lighting in environment
|
Crome 2000w8*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jensen 2002w17
|
No
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Hearing, review of lighting in environment, assistive device (for example, cane, walker), review of use of device, and repair of device if needed
|
|
See table A on bmj.com for details of references.
* No specific components stated.