BMJ  2004;328 (7 February), doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7435.0

Instrumental delivery makes future vaginal delivery more likely

Instrumental vaginal delivery is better than caesarean section for future delivery outcomes. Three years after the delivery, Bahl and colleagues (p 311) surveyed 283 women who had had instrumental delivery or caesarean section. They found that subsequent spontaneous vaginal delivery was more likely after an instrumental delivery than after a caesarean section, that fear of childbirth was common after all types of operative delivery, and that difficulty conceiving was more likely after caesarean section. Operative delivery in the second stage of labour has important implications for future delivery outcomes, the authors say, and its psychological impact needs urgent attention.

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Outcome of subsequent pregnancy three years after previous operative delivery in the second stage of labour: cohort study

Rachna Bahl, Bryony Strachan, and Deirdre J Murphy
BMJ 2004 328: 311. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]