List of identified studies

Potentially relevant randomised controlled trials retrieved for evaluation

w1. Karthaus M, Wolf H, Egerer G, Kampfe D, Suedhoff T, Ritter J, et al. Ceftriaxone in the treatment of solid tumour patients with febrile neutropenia. Onkologie 1998;21:212-6.

w2. Reilly JT, Brada M, Bellingham AJ, Hart CA, Bennet C. Ceftazidime compared to tobramycin and ticarcillin in immunocompromised haematological patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 1983;12(suppl A):89-92.

w3. Drusano GL, Joshi J, Forrest A, Ruxer R, Standiford H, Leslie J, et al. Pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime, alone or in combination with piperacillin or tobramycin, in the sera of cancer patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1985;27:605-7.

w4. Sawae Y, Niho Y, Okamura T, Gondo H, Kozuru M, Uike N, et al. [Comparison between monotherapy with imipenem/cilastatin sodium (IPM/CS) and combinations of IPM/CS and other drugs for treating bacterial infections in patients with hematopoietic disorders]. [Japanese]. Jpn J Antibiot 1996;49:1049-61.

w5. D’Antonio D, Fioritoni G, Iacone A, Dell’Isola M, Natale D, D’Arcangelo L, et al. Randomized comparison of ceftriaxone versus ceftriaxone plus amikacin for the empirical treatment of infections in patients with altered host defense: microbiological and clinical evaluation. Chemotherapy 1992;38:420-7.

w6. De Witte T. Antibiotic treatment in patients with haematological malignancies and bone marrow transplantation. Perspectives on therapeutics in the Northern Europe. London: Glaxo, 1986:46:6-7.

w7. Dompeling EC, Donnelly JP, Deresinski SC, Feld R, Lane Allman EF, De Pauw BE. Early identification of neutropenic patients at risk of grampositive bacteraemia and the impact of empirical administration of vancomycin. Eur J Cancer 1996;32A:1332-9.

w8. Marie JP, Pico JL, Chiche D, Fitoussi F, Delmer A, Baume D, et al. Protocole d’antibiotherie utilisant la ceftazidime a la dose de 3g/jour seule ou en association avec la vancomycin ou l’amikacin. Presse Med 1988;17:1968-70.

w9. Marie JP, Vekhoff A, Pico JL, Guy H, Andremont A, Richet H. Neutropenic infections: a review of the French Febrile Aplasia Study Group trials in 608 febrile neutropenic patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 1998;41(suppl D):57-64.

w10. Pico JL, Marie JP, Chiche D, Guiguet M, Andremont A, Lapierre V, et al. Should vancomycin be used empirically in febrile patients with prolonged and profound neutropenia? Results of a randomized trial. Eur J Med 1993;2:275-80.

w11. Pegram SP, Muss HB, McGall CE, Cooper RM, White DR, Richards F, et al. A comparative study of moxalactam vs. ticarcillin and tobramycin in febrile, neutropenic cancer patients. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Society for Clinical Oncology 1982; 255.

12. Ramphal R, Gucalp R, Rotstein C, Cimino M, Oblon D. Clinical experience with single agent and combination regimens in the management of infection in the febrile neutropenic patient. Am J Med 1996;100:S83-89.

13. Vandercam B, Ezzeddine H, Agaliotis D, Gala JL, Gigi J, Wauters G, et al. Imipenem/cilastatin versus piperacillin plus amikacin as empiric therapy in the treatment of febrile episodes in neutropenic patients with haematologic malignancies. Acta Clin Belg 1989;44:99-109.

14. Miller JA, Butler T, Beveridge RA, Kales AN, Binder RA, Smith LJ, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of imipenem-cilastatin versus ceftazidime plus tobramycin as empiric therapy of presumed bacterial infection in neutropenic cancer patients. Clin Ther 1993;15:486-99.

15. Bru JP, Michallet M, Legrand C, Swierz P, Stahl JP, Leautet JB, et al. A prospective randomized study comparing the efficacy of Timentin alone or in combination with amikacin in the treatment of febrile neutropenic patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 1986;17(suppl C): 203-9.

16. El Haddad A. Comparison of cefoperazone-sulbactam versus piperacillin plus amikacin as empiric therapy in pediatric febrile neutropenic cancer patients. Current Ther Res Clin Exp 1995;56:1094-9.

17. Fainstein V, Bodey GP, Elting L, Bolivar R, Keating MJ, McCredie KB, et al. A randomized study of ceftazidime compared to ceftazidime and tobramycin for the treatment of infections in cancer patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 1983;12(suppl A):101-10.

18. Moreno-Sanchez F, Gerson R, Lazaro RM, Tellez E, Torres E. Monotherapy in patients with neutropenic fever. Proceedings of the American Society for Clinical Oncology 1992;1364.

19. Ceftazidime combined with a short or long course of amikacin for empirical therapy of gram-negative bacteremia in cancer patients with granulocytopenia. The EORTC International Antimicrobial Therapy Cooperative Group. N Engl J Med 1987;317:1692-8.

20. Bodey GP, Feld R, Burgess MA. Beta-lactam antibiotics alone or in combination with gentamicin for therapy of gram-negative bacillary infections in neutropenic patients. Am J Med Sci 1976;271:179-86.

21. Pegram SP, Phair JP, McMahan R, Murphy RL, Gordon LI, Washton H, et al. Prospective comparative trial of short course (four day) and continuous tobramycin in combination with cefoperazone or mezlocillin in febrile, granulocytopenic patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 1989;24:591-604.

22. Cornely OA, Reichert D, Buchheidt D, Maschmeyer G, Wilhelm M, Chiel X, et al. Three-armed multicenter randomized study on the empiric treatment of neutropenic fever in a high risk patient population (PEG study III). Proceeding of the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy; 2001:446.

23. Kiehl MG, Bischoff M, Basara N, Guenzelmann S, Fauser AA. A prospective randomized trial comparing the efficacy and safety of piperacillin/tazobactam versus piperacillin/tazobactam plus netilmicin in the treatment of febrile neutropenia in allogeneic stem cell recipients. Proceeding of the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2001:267.

24. Rodriguez W, Gomez H, Silva ME, Vallejos C, Valdivia S, Casanova L, et al. Cefotaxime vs Cephalotin-Gentamicin in the first febrile episode of patients having solid tumors and short-term neutropenia. Acta Cancerol 1995;25:61-8.

25. Wrzesien-Kus AJ, Wierzbowska A Robak T. Cefepime in monotherapy or in combination with amikacine as the empirical treatment of febrile neutropenic patients. Acta Haematologica Polonica 2001;32:165-72.

26. Akova M, Akan H, Korten V, Biberoglu K, Hayran M, Unal S, et al. Comparison of meropenem with amikacin plus ceftazidime in the empirical treatment of febrile neutropenia: a prospective randomised multicentre trial in patients without previous prophylactic antibiotics. Meropenem Study Group of Turkey. Int J Antimicrob Agents 1999;13:15-9.

27. Alanis A, Rehm S, Weinstein AJ. Comparative efficacy and toxicity of moxalactam and the combination of nafcillin and tobramycin in febrile granulocytopenic patients. Cleve Clin Q 1983;50:385-95.

28. Au E, Tow A, Allen Dm, Ang Pt. Randomised study comparing imipenem/cilastatin to ceftriaxone plus gentamicin in cancer chemotherapy-induced neutropenic fever. Ann Acad Med Singapore 1994;23:819-22.

29. Behre G, Link H, Maschmeyer G, Meyer P, Paaz U, Wilhelm M, et al. Meropenem monotherapy versus combination therapy with ceftazidime and amikacin for empirical treatment of febrile neutropenic patients. Ann Hematol 1998;76:73-80.

30. Bezwoda WR, Derman DP, Perkins S, Cassel R. Treatment of neutropenic infection: a randomized trial comparing latamoxef (moxalactam) with cephradine plus tobramycin. J Antimicrob Chemother 1985;15:239-45.

31. Cornelissen JJ, de Graeff A, Verdonck LF, Branger T, Rozenberg-Arska M, Verhoef J, et al. Imipenem versus gentamicin combined with either cefuroxime or cephalothin as initial therapy for febrile neutropenic patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992;36:801-7.

32. de la Camara R, Figuera A, Sureda A, Hermida G, Verge G, Olalla I, et al. Meropenem versus ceftazidime plus amikacin in the treatment of febrile episodes in neutropenic patients: a randomized study. Haematologica 1997;82:668-75.

33. De Pauw BE, Kauw F, Muytjens H, Williams KJ, Bothof T. Randomized study of ceftazidime versus gentamicin plus cefotaxime for infections in severe granulocytopenic patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 1983;12(suppl A):93-9.

34. De Pauw BE, Deresinski SC, Feld R, Lane Allman EF, Donnelly JP. Ceftazidime compared with piperacillin and tobramycin for the empiric treatment of fever in neutropenic patients with cancer. A multicenter randomized trial. The Intercontinental Antimicrobial Study Group [see comments]. Ann Intern Med 1994;120:834-44.

35. Del Favero A, Menichetti F, Martino P, Bucaneve G, Micozzi A, Gentile G, et al. A multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing piperacillin-tazobactam with and without amikacin as empiric therapy for febrile neutropenia. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33:1295-301.

36. Dincol D, Arican A, Aydin F, Samur M, Willke A, Akbulut H, et al. A comparison of imipenem monotherapy versus cefoperazone/sulbactam plus amikacin combination treatment in febrile neutropenic cancer patients. Cancer J 1998;11:89-93.

37. Doyen C, Tepantondele JM, Wauters G, Michaux JL. A randomized therapeutic trial for ceftazidime versus ceftazidime and amikacin in febrile granulopenic patients. Proceedings of the 13th International Congress of Chemotherapy 1983;4:26-29.

38. Erjavec Z, de Vries Hospers HG, van Kamp H, van der Waaij D, Halie MR, Daenen SM. Comparison of imipenem versus cefuroxime plus tobramycin as empirical therapy for febrile granulocytopenic patients and efficacy of vancomycin and aztreonam in case of failure. Scand J Infect Dis 1994;26:585-95.

39. Gibson J, Date L, Joshua DE, Young GA, Wilson A, Benn R, et al. A randomised trial of empirical antibiotic therapy in febrile neutropenic patients with hematological disorders: ceftazidime versus azlocillin plus amikacin. Aust N Z J Med 1989;19:417-25.

40. Glasmacher A, Hahn C, Molitor E, Fixson A, Mey U, Sauerbruch T, et al. A randomized comparison of piperacillin-tazobactam vs. ceftriaxone and gentamicin in 172 severely neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies. Proceedings of the Interscience Conference of Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1999:39.

41. Gribble MJ, Chow AW, Naiman SC, Smith JA, Bowie WR, Sacks SL, et al. Prospective randomized trial of piperacillin monotherapy versus carboxypenicillin-aminoglycoside combination regimens in the empirical treatment of serious bacterial infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1983;24:388-93.

42. Hansen SW, Friis H, Ernst P, Vejlsgaard R, Hansen HH. Latamoxef versus carbenicillin plus gentamicin or carbenicillin plus mecillinam in leukopenic, febrile patients with solid tumors. Acta Med Scand 1986;220:249-54.

43. Hess U, Bohme C, Rey K, Senn HJ. Monotherapy with piperacillin/tazobactam versus combination therapy with ceftazidime plus amikacin as an empiric therapy for fever in neutropenic cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 1998;6:402-9.

44. Kojima A, Shinkai T, Soejima Y, Okamoto H, Eguchi K, Sasaki Y, et al. A randomized prospective study of imipenem-cilastatin with or without amikacin as an empirical antibiotic treatment for febrile neutropenic patients. Am J Clin Oncol 1994;17:400-4.

45. Leyland MJ, Bayst K, Cohen J, Warren R, Newland AC, Bint AJ, et al. A comparative study of imipenem versus piperacillin plus gentamicin in the initial management of febrile neutropenic patients with haematological malignancies. J Antimicrob Chemother 1992;30:843-54.

46. Lieschke GJ, Bell D, Rawlinson W, Green M, Sheridan W, Morstyn G, et al. Imipenem/cilastatin versus tobramycin and piperacillin as initial empiric therapy for febrile episodes in neutropenic patients: Interim analysis of a prospective randomized comparison [abstract]. Aust NZ J Med Suppl 1990;20(suppl 1):424.

47. Liu CY, Wang FD. A comparative study of ceftriaxone plus amikacin, ceftazidime plus amikacin and imipenem/cilastatin in the empiric therapy of febrile granulocytopenic cancer patients. Chemotherapy 1989;35(suppl 2):16-22.

48. Marie JP, Pico J, Lapierre V, Maulard C, Pappo M, Chiche D, et al. Traitement empirique des episodes febriles survenant chez les patients cancereux presentant une neutropenie prolongee: essai comparatif ceftazidime seule, ceftazidime+amikacine et ceftazidime+vancomycine. Med Mal Infect 1991;21:386-8.

49. Matsui K, Masuda N, Takada M, Kusunoki Y, Fukuoka M. A randomized trial comparing imipenem/cilastatine alone with latamoxef plus tobramycin in febrile neutropenic patients with lung cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 1991;21:428-34.

50. Norrby SR, Vandercam B, Louie T, Runde V, Norberg B, Anniko M, et al. Imipenem/cilastatin versus amikacin plus piperacillin in the treatment of infections in neutropenic patients: a prospective, randomized multi- clinic study. Scand J Infect Dis Suppl 1987;52:65-78.

51. Novakova I, Donnelly P, De Pauw B. Amikacin plus piperacillin versus ceftazidime as initial therapy in granulocytopenic patients with presumed bacteremia. Scand J Infect Dis 1990;22:705-11.

52. Novakova IR, Donnelly JP, de Pauw BE. Ceftazidime with or without amikacin for the empiric treatment of localized infections in febrile, granulocytopenic patients. Ann Hematol 1991;63:195-200.

53. Ozyilkan O, Yalcintas U, Baskan S. Imipenem-cilastatin versus sulbactam-cefoperazone plus amikacin in the initial treatment of febrile neutropenic cancer patients. Korean J Intern Med 1999;14:15-9.

54. Pegram SP, Muss HB, McGall CE, Cooper RM, White DR, Richards F, et al. A comparative study of moxalactam vs. ticarcillin and tobramycin in febrile, neutropenic cancer patients. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Society for Clinical Oncology 1984:391.

55. Pellegrin JL, Marit G, Fourche J, Broustet A, Texier MJ, Leng B, et al. Etude prospective randomisee de la ceftazidime versus l’association cefotaxime-tobramycine, dans les leucemies aigues en aplasie therapeutique. Presse Med 1988;17:1960-3.

56. Perez C, Sirham M, Labarca J, Grebe G, Lira P, Oliva J, et al. Imipenem/cilastatina versus ceftazidima-amikacina para el tratmiento de pacientes neutropenicos febriles. Rev Med Child 1995;123:312-20.

57. Piccart M, Klastersky J, Meunier F, Lagast H, Van Laethem Y, Weerts D. Single-drug versus combination empirical therapy for gram-negative bacillary infections in febrile cancer patients with and without granulocytopenia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1984;26:870-5.

58. Pickard W, Durack D, Gallis H. A randomized trial of moxalactam versus tobramycin plus ticarcillin in 50 febrile neutropenic patients. Proceedings of the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1982;66.

59. Piguet H, Pappo M. Traitment de premiere intention des episodes febriles des leucemies de l’adulte. Etude randomisee, multicentrique de la ceftazidime en monoantibiotherapie versus l’association cefotaxime-amikacine. Presse Med 1988;17:1954-9.

60. Rodjer S, Alestig K, Bergmark J, Bergstrom T, Hultberg B, Jagenburg R, et al. Treatment of septicaemia in immunocompromised patients with ceftazidime or with tobramycin and cefuroxime, with special reference to renal effects. J Antimicrob Chemother 1987;20:109-16.

61. Rolston KV, Berkey P, Bodey GP, Anaissie EJ, Khardori NM, Joshi JH, et al. A comparison of imipenem to ceftazidime with or without amikacin as empiric therapy in febrile neutropenic patients. Arch Intern Med 1992;152:283-91.

62. Tamura K, Matsuoka H, Tsukada J, Masuda M, Ikeda S, Matsuishi E, et al. Cefepime or carbapenem treatment for febrile neutropenia as a single agent is as effective as a combination of 4th-generation cephalosporin + aminoglycosides: comparative study. Am J Hematol 2002;71:248-55.

63. Wade JC, Bustamante C, Delin A, Finely R, Drusano G, Thompson B. Imipenem vs. piperacillin plus amikacin, empiric therapy for febrile neutropenic patients: a double blind trial. Proceedings of the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1987;1251.

64. Yamamura D, Gucalp R, Carlisle P, Cimino M, Roberts J, Rotstein C. Open randomized study of cefepime versus piperacillin-gentamicin for treatment of febrile neutropenic cancer patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997;41:1704-8.

65. Borbolla JR, Lopez-Hernandez MA, Gonzalez-Avante M, DeDiego J, Trueba E, Alvarado ML, et al. Comparison of cefepime versus ceftriaxone-amikacin as empirical regimens for the treatment of febrile neutropenia in acute leukemia patients. Chemotherapy 2001;47:381-4.

66. Cometta A, Calandra T, Gaya H, Zinner SH, De Bock R, Del Favero A, et al. Monotherapy with meropenem versus combination therapy with ceftazidime plus amikacin as empiric therapy for fever in granulocytopenic patients with cancer. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996;40:1108-15.

67. Kinsey SE, Machin SJ, Goldstone AH. Ceftazidime monotherapy is as effective as ceftazidime combined with gentamicin in the treatment of febrile neutropenic patients. J Hosp Infect 1990;15(suppl A):49-53.

68. Agaoglu L, Devecioglu O, Anak S, Karakas Z, Yalman N, Biner B, et al. Cost-effectiveness of cefepime + netilmicin or ceftazidime + amikacin or meropenem monotherapy in febrile neutropenic children with malignancy in Turkey. J Chemother 2001;13:281-7.

69. Duzova A, Kutluk T, Kanra G, Buyukpamukcu M, Akyuz C, Secmeer G, et al. Monotherapy with meropenem versus combination therapy with piperacillin plus amikacin as empiric therapy for neutropenic fever in children with lymphoma and solid tumors. Turk J Pediatr 2001;43:105-9.

70. Jacobs RF, Vats TS, Pappa KA, Chaudhary S, Kletzel M, Becton DL. Ceftazidime versus ceftazidime plus tobramycin in febrile neutropenic children. Infection 1993;21:223-8.

71. Morgan G, Duerden BI, Lilleyman JS. Ceftazidime as a single agent in the management of children with fever and neutropenia. J Antimicrob Chemother 1983;12(suppl A):347-51.

72. Smith L, Will AM, Williams RF, Stevens RF. Ceftriaxone vs. azlocillin and netilmicin in the treatment of febrile neutropenic children. J Infect 1990;20:201-6.

73. Wade JC. Antibiotic therapy for the febrile granulocytopenic cancer patient: combination therapy vs. monotherapy. Rev Infect Dis 1989;11(suppl 7):S1572-81.

74. Bustamante CI. Initial empiric therapy for fever in neutropenia. Recent Results Cancer Res 1993;132:45-56.