Reviews

Teenagers and cannabis

A study in this week's BMJ concludes that frequent cannabis use in teenage girls predicts later depression and anxiety (p 1195). Another study (p 1199) concludes that cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of developing schizophrenia. Because cannabis use is highest among 16-29 year olds and early use may increase the likelihood of dependency and long term problems, parents and health professionals are keen to discourage young people from using marijuana. But targeting teenagers and young adults with health education messages is notoriously tricky. Drug websites aimed specifically at the youth population, especially those developed and maintained by young people themselves, may be the key.

For a comprehensive drug information site with "no moralising, just the truth," visit Cascade (www.cascade.u-net.com/home2.htm). Cascade is designed by UK teens for peers, parents, and professionals, aiming to give accurate, balanced advice without judgment. It provides information and chat rooms for those seeking help as well as for those who intend to continue experimenting with drugs. The site includes cartoons and personal stories, information particular to the needs of women (pregnancy, date rape), updates in simple language on the legalisation debate, and an impressive list of links.

Zombie (www.health.qld.gov.au/zombie/news.htm) is a site developed by a group of young Australians in partnership with government health departments. Zombie aims to educate and empower young people to make up their own minds about drugs, but this is tempered by the ominous warning accompanying each frame"Remember: say no to drugs." The site emphasises the negative health effectsas well as the legal consequencesof cannabis use. It is a bit slim on information, but is clearly written and unmistakably inspired by the language of young peopleZombie asks its users: "Are you living dead or deadly living?"

Those less inclined towards proclaiming the perils of marijuana to children might appreciate Change the Climate (www.changetheclimate.org). This is a US site, developed by parents, devoted to debunking myths about marijuana and it highlights the costliness of the "war on marijuana" and its impact on civil liberties. Recommendations for talking to kids about marijuana include being honest, avoiding shock tactics, and encouraging open communication about experimentation and risk taking. These efforts are said to increase parents' credibility with their kids, a feature often missing in anti-marijuana campaigns but crucial to their success.

Jocalyn Clark. 

editorial registrar, BMJ jclark@ bmj.com