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Ninety five per cent of new infections of HIV are in the world's poor
countries, and heterosexual transmission is responsible for most of
these. According to Lamptey (p 207), programmes promoting condom use
and treating sexually transmitted diseases are effective in preventing
the spread of HIV. However, large scale prevention efforts have been
successful in only a few countries because of lack of resources and
international commitment. Without access to retroviral drugs, most of
the 40 million people currently living with HIV will die. Such drugs
reduce viral load in genital fluids and so may help prevent
transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted
diseases.