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For decades, millions of mothers have been subjected to new obstetric
procedures, but with little knowledge of the long term effects from
such interventions. Such procedures might, however, be of importance
for the infant's behaviour as an adult. Jacobson and Bygdeman
(p 1346) found that a traumatic birth was associated with an increased
risk of the infant subsequently committing suicide by violent means,
whereas giving opiates to the mother during labour seemed to reduce the
risk. Cases were matched with biological siblings to avoid confounding
from genetic, socioeconomic, and environmental factors.