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Published 23 June 2009, doi:10.1136/bmj.b2258
Cite this as: BMJ 2009;338:b2258
A Neligan, clinical research fellow1, D R Holdright, consultant cardiologist2, F J Rugg-Gunn, consultant neurologist1, J W Sander, professor of neurology1
1 UCL Institute of Neurology, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London WC1N 3BG, 2 UCLH Heart Hospital, London W1G 8PF
Correspondence to: J W Sander lsander@ion.ucl.ac.uk
Re-examine a diagnosis of epilepsy when there is worsening control and investigations are normal
| The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. |
The accurate diagnosis and treatment of paroxysmal events can be difficult. It requires a detailed eye witness account and a clear description of the circumstances of the event, including location, development, tempo, and duration. Even with this information, a definitive diagnosis may not be attainable.
A 45 year old left handed man presented with a four year history of paroxysmal events. He was referred by his neurologist for consideration of epilepsy surgery. Previous medical history was unremarkable. The first episode of loss of consciousness occurred while the patient was with friends. It was preceded by a brief period of severe chest pain with profuse sweating, which lasted less than a minute. A 12-lead electrocardiogram was normal. The second episode occurred two years ago and was also preceded by chest pain. During this episode, the patient felt weak, lay on the ground, and lost consciousness. Duration was uncertain, but on regaining
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