Gynaecomastia and breast cancer in men

doi:10.1136/bmj.39511.493391.BE

BMJ 2008;336:709-713 (29 March), doi:10.1136/bmj.39511.493391.BE

Clinical Review

Gynaecomastia and breast cancer in men

Catherine B Niewoehner, professor of medicine¹, Anna E Schorer, associate professor of medicine²

¹ Metabolism Section, VA Medical Center 111G, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA, ² Hematology/Oncology Section, VA Medical Center 111E, Minneapolis, USA

Correspondence to: C B Niewoehner niewo002@umn.edu

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

Most breast enlargement in males is due to thebenign enlargement of breast tissue (gynaecomastia)

Physiologicalgynaecomastia occurs in neonates, at puberty, and with obesityand ageing

Gynaecomastia is due to an increased oestrogen totestosterone ratio; possible causes are many

Treatments forpainful or embarrassing gynaecomastia include an anti-oestrogen,such as tamoxifen, or surgery (liposuction or mammoplasty)

Oneper cent of breast cancers occur in men, with higher rates inmen with a family history of breast cancer or previous chestradiation

Irregular, eccentric, hard or fixed breast tissue,ulceration, nipple abnormalities, or associated adenopathy suggestbreast cancer

Men typically have more advanced breast cancerat diagnosis than women; management is similar

Breast disorders in males can be distressing for both patientsand examining doctors. Patients often feel embarrassed and anxious.Although cancers are diagnosed in only about 1% of cases ofmale breast enlargement, practitioners may feel uncertain . . . [Full text of this article]

Add to CiteULike CiteULike Add to Complore Complore Add to Connotea Connotea Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us Add to Digg Digg Add to Reddit Reddit Add to StumbleUpon StumbleUpon Add to Technorati Technorati What's this?

Relevant Articles

Drugs and surgical concerns: John F Colin
BMJ 2008 336: 790. [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Are surgical guidelines realistic?: Negin Shamsian, Luke Jones, and Sudip Ghosh
BMJ 2008 336: 790. [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]

This article has been cited by other articles:

Fish, J. (2009). Our Health, Our Say: Towards a Feminist Perspective of Lesbian Health Psychology. Feminism Psychology 19: 437-453 [Abstract]
Colin, J. F (2008). Drugs and surgical concerns. BMJ 336: 790-790 [Full text]
Shamsian, N., Jones, L., Ghosh, S. (2008). Are surgical guidelines realistic?. BMJ 336: 790-790 [Full text]

Rapid Responses:

Read all Rapid Responses

gynaecomastia: John F Colin
bmj.com, 1 Apr 2008 [Full text]
re government guidelines for surgery for benign gynaecomastia realistic?: Negin Shamsian, et al.
bmj.com, 1 Apr 2008 [Full text]
Gynecomastia; There is not proven effective medical treatment: Saul Malozowski
bmj.com, 1 Apr 2008 [Full text]
Gynaecomastia and anabolic steroid use: Michael J Evans-Brown, et al.
bmj.com, 16 Apr 2008 [Full text]
Antipsychotics and hyperprolactinemia: Kate S Robertson
bmj.com, 21 Apr 2008 [Full text]
Classification is essential to the understanding of the surgical management of gynaecomastia: Roger JG Stevens
bmj.com, 14 May 2008 [Full text]
drugs causing gynaecomastia: peter a jones, et al.
bmj.com, 21 Oct 2008 [Full text]
Gynaecomastia and breast cancer in men: Martin Blomberg Jensen, et al.
bmj.com, 11 Feb 2009 [Full text]
Re: Gynaecomastia and breast cancer in men: Nazar R Dessouki, et al.
bmj.com, 12 Feb 2009 [Full text]