Childhood obstructive sleep apnoea

doi:10.1136/bmj.330.7498.978

BMJ 2005;330:978-979 (30 April), doi:10.1136/bmj.330.7498.978

Editorial

Childhood obstructive sleep apnoea

Serious neurobehavioural sequelae have prompted interest indiagnosis and management

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

Obstructive sleep apnoea is characterised by oxygen desaturationand reduced oro-nasal air flow despite preserved thoracic andabdominal respiratory effort.¹ It occurs in 1-2% of childrenand is more common in prematurely born infants and in blackand Hispanic children.² As our knowledge of this condition hasgrown, so has concern about it among parents and clinicians.How is it best diagnosed and managed?

Habitual snoring, breathing through the mouth, periods of observedapnoea, restless sleep, urinary incontinence, inattentiveness,daytime hyperactivity, mood swings, and failure to thrive arethe most common clinical manifestations of childhood obstructivesleep apnoea. How loudly a child snores is not correlated tothe presence or severity of sleep disordered breathing. Themost common predisposing factors are adenotonsillar hypertrophy,neuromuscular disorders, and craniofacial anomalies associatedwith maxillary hypoplasia, retrognathia, or macroglossia. Thelocal release of proinflammatory cytokines such as C reactiveprotein, tumour necrosis factor ${alpha}$ . . . [Full text of this article]

Suresh Kotagal, consultant

Sleep Disorders Center, Division of Child Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA (kotagal.suresh@mayo.edu)

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