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May be a rehearsal for the next influenza pandemic
| The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. |
Plagues are as certain as death and
taxes.1 The optimism of the 1960s and 1970s has given way
to a mature realism that the relationship between human beings and
microbes is neither completely predictable nor biased in favour of
humans. Over the past few decades several important human viruses have
emerged. Some, such as HIV, prove to be sustainable modern plagues
adding to the toll of human misery. Others, such as hepatitis F, occupy a seemingly silent niche, passengers in a human caravan but
contributing little to the joint relationship. Whereas viruses such as
Ebola, Hantaan, and Nipah spring from an animal reservoir, destroying life but unable to sustain transmission in a new environment, others
such as human metapneumovirus2 are associated with
respiratory illness in young children but their contribution to adult
disease remains uncertain, suggesting a balance between virus and host immune system achieved after some evolutionary negotiation. Each
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