Cannabis use in adolescence and risk for adult psychosis: longitudinal prospective study

doi:10.1136/bmj.325.7374.1212

BMJ 2002;325:1212-1213 ( 23 November )

Papers

Cannabis use in adolescence and risk for adult psychosis: longitudinal prospective study

Papers pp 1195, 1199

Louise Arseneault, lecturer ^a, Mary Cannon, Wellcome Trust advanced fellow ^b, Richie Poulton, director, Dunedin multidisciplinary health and development study ^c, Robin Murray, professor ^b, Avshalom Caspi, professor ^a, Terrie E Moffitt, professor ^a.

^a SGDP Research Centre, King's College, London SE5 8AF, ^b Division of Psychological Medicine, King's College, ^c Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

Correspondence to: T E Moffitt t.moffitt@iop.kcl.ac.uk

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

The strongest evidence that cannabis use may be a risk factor for later psychosis comes from a Swedish cohort study whichfound that heavy cannabis use at age 18 increased the risk oflater schizophrenia sixfold. ¹ ² This study could not establishwhether adolescent cannabis use was a consequence of pre-existingpsychotic symptoms rather than a cause. We present the first prospectivelongitudinal study of adolescent cannabis use as a risk factorfor adult schizophreniform disorder, taking into account childhoodpsychotic symptoms³ antedating cannabis use.

Table Removed (Available Only in the Full Text)

Methods and results

The Dunedin multidisciplinary health and development study (a study of a general population birth cohort of 1037 individualsborn in Dunedin, New Zealand, in 1972-3)⁴ has a 96% followup rate at age 26. It obtained information on psychotic symptomsat age 11 and drug use at ages 15 and 18 from self reports andassessed psychiatric symptoms at age 26 with a standardised interviewschedule to obtain DSM-IV (diagnostic and statistical manual . . . [Full text of this article]

CiteULike

Complore

Connotea

Del.icio.us Add to Digg

Digg

StumbleUpon Add to Technorati

Technorati What's this?

Relevant Articles

Schizophrenia: Marco M Picchioni and Robin M Murray
BMJ 2007 335: 91-95. [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Cannabis and psychosis: David M Fergusson, Richie Poulton, Paul F Smith, and Joseph M Boden
BMJ 2006 332: 172-175. [Full Text] [PDF]

Cannabis use is a risk factor for schizophrenia
BMJ 2002 325: 0. [Full Text]

Cannabis and mental health: Joseph M Rey and Christopher C Tennant
BMJ 2002 325: 1183-1184. [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Cannabis use and mental health in young people: cohort study: George C Patton, Carolyn Coffey, John B Carlin, Louisa Degenhardt, Michael Lynskey, and Wayne Hall
BMJ 2002 325: 1195-1198. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Self reported cannabis use as a risk factor for schizophrenia in Swedish conscripts of 1969: historical cohort study: Stanley Zammit, Peter Allebeck, Sven Andreasson, Ingvar Lundberg, and Glyn Lewis
BMJ 2002 325: 1199. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

This article has been cited by other articles:

Compton, M. T., Kelley, M. E., Ramsay, C. E., Pringle, M., Goulding, S. M., Esterberg, M. L., Stewart, T., Walker, E. F. (2009). Association of Pre-Onset Cannabis, Alcohol, and Tobacco Use With Age at Onset of Prodrome and Age at Onset of Psychosis in First-Episode Patients. Am. J. Psychiatry 166: 1251-1257 [Abstract] [Full text]
Kirkbride, J B, Croudace, T, Brewin, J, Donoghue, K, Mason, P, Glazebrook, C, Medley, I, Harrison, G, Cooper, J E, Doody, G A, Jones, P B (2009). Is the incidence of psychotic disorder in decline? Epidemiological evidence from two decades of research. Int J Epidemiol 38: 1255-1264 [Abstract] [Full text]
Welham, J., Isohanni, M., Jones, P., McGrath, J. (2009). The Antecedents of Schizophrenia: A Review of Birth Cohort Studies. Schizophr Bull 35: 603-623 [Abstract] [Full text]
Atakan, Z. (2008). Cannabis use by people with severe mental illness - is it important?. Adv. Psychiatr. Treat. 14: 423-431 [Abstract] [Full text]
Arendt, M., Mortensen, P. B., Rosenberg, R., Pedersen, C. B., Waltoft, B. L. (2008). Familial Predisposition for Psychiatric Disorder: Comparison of Subjects Treated for Cannabis-Induced Psychosis and Schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 65: 1269-1274 [Abstract] [Full text]
Henquet, C., Di Forti, M., Morrison, P., Kuepper, R., Murray, R. M. (2008). Gene-Environment Interplay Between Cannabis and Psychosis. Schizophr Bull 34: 1111-1121 [Abstract] [Full text]
Pearlson, G. D., Folley, B. S. (2008). Schizophrenia, Psychiatric Genetics, and Darwinian Psychiatry: An Evolutionary Framework. Schizophr Bull 34: 722-733 [Abstract] [Full text]
Agrawal, A., Pergadia, M. L., Saccone, S. F., Lynskey, M. T., Wang, J. C., Martin, N. G., Statham, D., Henders, A., Campbell, M., Garcia, R., Broms, U., Todd, R. D., Goate, A. M., Rice, J., Kaprio, J., Heath, A. C., Montgomery, G. W., Madden, P. A. F. (2008). An Autosomal Linkage Scan for Cannabis Use Disorders in the Nicotine Addiction Genetics Project. Arch Gen Psychiatry 65: 713-721 [Abstract] [Full text]
Miettunen, J., Tormanen, S., Murray, G. K., Jones, P. B., Maki, P., Ebeling, H., Moilanen, I., Taanila, A., Heinimaa, M., Joukamaa, M., Veijola, J. (2008). Association of cannabis use with prodromal symptoms of psychosis in adolescence. Br. J. Psychiatry 192: 470-471 [Abstract] [Full text]
Potvin, S., Kouassi, E., Lipp, O., Bouchard, R.-H., Roy, M.-A., Demers, M.-F., Gendron, A., Astarita, G., Piomelli, D., Stip, E. (2008). Endogenous cannabinoids in patients with schizophrenia and substance use disorder during quetiapine therapy. J Psychopharmacol 22: 262-269 [Abstract]
Houston, J. E., Murphy, J., Adamson, G., Stringer, M., Shevlin, M. (2008). Childhood Sexual Abuse, Early Cannabis Use, and Psychosis: Testing an Interaction Model Based on the National Comorbidity Survey. Schizophr Bull 34: 580-585 [Abstract] [Full text]
Macleod, J. (2007). Cannabis use and psychosis: the origins and implications of an association. Adv. Psychiatr. Treat. 13: 400-411 [Abstract] [Full text]
Archie, S., Rush, B. R., Akhtar-Danesh, N., Norman, R., Malla, A., Roy, P., Zipursky, R. B. (2007). Substance Use and Abuse in First-Episode Psychosis: Prevalence Before and After Early Intervention. Schizophr Bull 33: 1354-1363 [Abstract] [Full text]
ZAMMIT, S., SPURLOCK, G., WILLIAMS, H., NORTON, N., WILLIAMS, N., O'DONOVAN, M. C., OWEN, M. J. (2007). Genotype effects of CHRNA7, CNR1 and COMT in schizophrenia: interactions with tobacco and cannabis use. Br. J. Psychiatry 191: 402-407 [Abstract] [Full text]
Picchioni, M. M, Murray, R. M (2007). Schizophrenia. BMJ 335: 91-95 [Full text]
BARNETT, J. H., WERNERS, U., SECHER, S. M., HILL, K. E., BRAZIL, R., MASSON, K., PERNET, D. E., KIRKBRIDE, J. B., MURRAY, G. K., BULLMORE, ED. T., JONES, P. B. (2007). Substance use in a population-based clinic sample of people with first-episode psychosis. Br. J. Psychiatry 190: 515-520 [Abstract] [Full text]
Skosnik, P. D., Krishnan, G. P., Aydt, E. E., Kuhlenshmidt, H. A., O'Donnell, B. F. (2006). Psychophysiological Evidence of Altered Neural Synchronization in Cannabis Use: Relationship to Schizotypy. Am. J. Psychiatry 163: 1798-1805 [Abstract] [Full text]
Jones, R., Marcer, H., Haig, S. (2006). What paediatricians should know about young people and drugs in the UK. EDUCATION AND PRACTICE 91: ep81-ep86 [Full text]
Chong, M S, Wolff, K, Wise, K, Tanton, C, Winstock, A, Silber, E (2006). Cannabis use in patients with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 12: 646-651 [Abstract]
McArdle, P A (2006). Cannabis use by children and young people.. Arch. Dis. Child. 91: 692-695 [Abstract] [Full text]
Macleod, J., Hickman, M. (2006). Commentary: Understanding pathways to cannabis use and from use to harm.. Int J Epidemiol 35: 680-682 [Full text]
WILES, N. J., ZAMMIT, S., BEBBINGTON, P., SINGLETON, N., MELTZER, H., LEWIS, G. (2006). Self-reported psychotic symptoms in the general population: Results from the longitudinal study of the British National Psychiatric Morbidity Survey. Br. J. Psychiatry 188: 519-526 [Abstract] [Full text]
MONSHOUWER, K., VAN DORSSELAER, S., VERDURMEN, J., BOGT, T. T., DE GRAAF, R., VOLLEBERGH, W. (2006). Cannabis use and mental health in secondary school children: Findings from a Dutch survey. Br. J. Psychiatry 188: 148-153 [Abstract] [Full text]
Fergusson, D. M, Poulton, R., Smith, P. F, Boden, J. M (2006). Cannabis and psychosis. BMJ 332: 172-175 [Full text]
Joffe, A., for the Committees on Substance Abuse and Adolesce, (2005). Response to the American Academy of Pediatrics Report on Legalization of Marijuana: In Reply. Pediatrics 116: 1257-1257 [Full text]
GREEN, B., YOUNG, R., KAVANAGH, D. (2005). Cannabis use and misuse prevalence among people with psychosis. Br. J. Psychiatry 187: 306-313 [Abstract] [Full text]
Henquet, C., Murray, R., Linszen, D., van Os, J. (2005). The Environment and Schizophrenia: The Role of Cannabis Use. Schizophr Bull 31: 608-612 [Abstract] [Full text]
Semple, D. M., McIntosh, A. M., Lawrie, S. M. (2005). Cannabis as a risk factor for psychosis: systematic review. J Psychopharmacol 19: 187-194 [Abstract]
Marlowe, K. (2005). Social development, urban environment and psychosis. Br. J. Psychiatry 186: 77-77 [Full text]
Johns, L. C., Cannon, M., Singleton, N., Murray, R. M., Farrell, M., Brugha, T., Bebbington, P., Jenkins, R., Meltzer, H. (2004). Prevalence and correlates of self-reported psychotic symptoms in the British population. Br. J. Psychiatry 185: 298-305 [Abstract] [Full text]
Leask, S. J. (2004). Environmental influences in schizophrenia: the known and the unknown. Adv. Psychiatr. Treat. 10: 323-330 [Abstract] [Full text]
Weiser, M., Reichenberg, A., Grotto, I., Yasvitzky, R., Rabinowitz, J., Lubin, G., Nahon, D., Knobler, H. Y., Davidson, M. (2004). Higher Rates of Cigarette Smoking in Male Adolescents Before the Onset of Schizophrenia: A Historical-Prospective Cohort Study. Am. J. Psychiatry 161: 1219-1223 [Abstract] [Full text]
Joffe, A., Yancy, W. S., the Committee on Substance Abuse and Committee on, (2004). Legalization of Marijuana: Potential Impact on Youth. Pediatrics 113: e632-e638 [Abstract] [Full text]
Arseneault, L., Cannon, M., Witton, J., Murray, R. M. (2004). Causal association between cannabis and psychosis: examination of the evidence. Br. J. Psychiatry 184: 110-117 [Abstract] [Full text]
Iversen, L. (2003). Cannabis and the brain. Brain 126: 1252-1270 [Abstract] [Full text]
(2003). Cannabis and Mental Disorders. JWatch Psychiatry 2003: 11-11 [Full text]
(2002). Cannabis and Mental Disorders. JWatch General 2002: 3-3 [Full text]
Rey, J. M, Tennant, C. C (2002). Cannabis and mental health. BMJ 325: 1183-1184 [Full text]

Rapid Responses:

Read all Rapid Responses

early days: david h yates
bmj.com, 22 Nov 2002 [Full text]
Getting the right information for the debate: Francis T. Reilly
bmj.com, 23 Nov 2002 [Full text]
Specificity argument is unconvincing: Adam Jacobs
bmj.com, 25 Nov 2002 [Full text]
Psychosis - reason or consequence of cannabis use?: Anna Gombosova
bmj.com, 25 Nov 2002 [Full text]
Temporal relation between cannabis use and early onset schizophrenia: Martin Holtmann, et al.
bmj.com, 17 Dec 2002 [Full text]