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EDITOR
Increasing evidence accumulating from the Cochrane Database of
Systematic Reviews suggests that the benefits of antibiotics in upper
respiratory tract illnesses in childhood are modest. Nasrin et al have
shown that the use of antibiotics in such cases increases the
prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in the children.1 Their study provides yet more urgency to reduce the use of antibiotics in general practice for acute respiratory infections.
But how can this be achieved? Doctors do not necessarily share a sceptical approach to the use of antibiotics. The barriers to the implementation of best evidence are being explored and described.2 For example, general practitioners are more influenced by certain clinical signs and symptoms to use antibiotics for acute respiratory infections than the evidence suggests is effective.3
Are the public campaigns run in Belgium and the United Kingdom to
reduce use of antibiotics the best approach? Doctors may be placed in
lactam antibiotic use in children on pneumococcal resistance to penicillin: prospective cohort study