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Risk-benefit relation differs between populations and individuals
| The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. |
Hormone replacement therapy is increasingly
advocated not just for short term treatment of menopausal symptoms but
as long term prophylactic therapy against heart disease, osteoporosis,
even Alzheimer's disease
indeed, as the solution to many of the
problems of ageing women.1 Should universal hormone
replacement therapy be recommended in asymptomatic healthy
postmenopausal women?
Many clinicians now take it as established that postmenopausal hormone
therapy protects against coronary heart disease in women. However, this
is not based on data from randomised trials with coronary end points.
Hemminki and McPherson attempted to see whether useful information on
the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and cancer could be obtained
from published clinical trials which studied other outcomes of
postmenopausal hormone therapy.2 Despite pooling data from
all the small trials they found no convincing evidence one way or the
other. Most striking is the tiny size and short duration of most of the
trials, which clearly
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Israeli students are refusing to perform intimate examinations on anaesthetised women without their informed consent.