BMJ 1994;308:72-4 (8 January)
Editorials
Who benefits from medical interventions?
The results of clinical trials are often expressed in relative terms - for example, a particular treatment reduces the risk of an adverse outcome by 40%. Yet knowing that the treatment reduces the risk of such an outcome from 5% to 3% (an absolute reduction of 2%) may be more useful clinically.1
The effects of antiplatelet treatment are a case in point. The meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of such treatments by the Antiplatelet Trialists' Collaboration shows that the risk of dying from a vascular cause varies substantially according to patient group (p 81).2 It ranges from 10% over one month for patients with an acute myocardial infarction at entry to the trial, through 9% over two years for those who had survived an acute myocardial infarction, down to only 2% over five years in trials of primary prevention.
With such varying risks of future vascular events it is unsurprising . . . [Full text of this article]

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Authors/Task Force Members, , Graham, I., Atar, D., Borch-Johnsen, K., Boysen, G., Burell, G., Cifkova, R., Dallongeville, J., De Backer, G., Ebrahim, S., Gjelsvik, B., Herrmann-Lingen, C., Hoes, A., Humphries, S., Knapton, M., Perk, J., Priori, S. G., Pyorala, K., Reiner, Z., Ruilope, L., Sans-Menendez, S., Scholte op Reimer, W., Weissberg, P., Wood, D., Yarnell, J., Zamorano, J. L., Other experts who contributed to parts of the guid, , Walma, E., Fitzgerald, T., Cooney, M. T., Dudina, A., European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Committee for, , Vahanian, A., Camm, J., De Caterina, R., Dean, V., Dickstein, K., Funck-Brentano, C., Filippatos, G., Hellemans, I., Kristensen, S. D., McGregor, K., Sechtem, U., Silber, S., Tendera, M., Widimsky, P., Zamorano, J. L., Document reviewers:, , Hellemans, I., Altiner, A., Bonora, E., Durrington, P. N., Fagard, R., Giampaoli, S., Hemingway, H., Hakansson, J., Kjeldsen, S. E., Larsen, M. L., Mancia, G., Manolis, A. J., Orth-Gomer, K., Pedersen, T., Rayner, M., Ryden, L., Sammut, M., Schneiderman, N., Stalenhoef, A. F., Tokgozoglu, L., Wiklund, O., Zampelas, A.
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