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Research Methods & Reporting

Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement

BMJ 2013; 346 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f1049 (Published 25 March 2013) Cite this as: BMJ 2013;346:f1049
  1. Don Husereau, senior associate; adjunct professor of medicine; senior scientist123,
  2. Michael Drummond, co-editor-in-chief, Value in Health; professor of health economics4,
  3. Stavros Petrou, professor of health economics5,
  4. Chris Carswell, editor6,
  5. David Moher, senior scientist7,
  6. Dan Greenberg, associate professor and chairman; visiting assistant professor 89,
  7. Federico Augustovski, director; professor of public health1011,
  8. Andrew H Briggs, William R Lindsay chair of health economics, health economics and health technology assessment 12,
  9. Josephine Mauskopf, vice president of health economics 13,
  10. Elizabeth Loder, chief of division; clinical epidemiology editor, BMJ14
  11. on behalf of the CHEERS Task Force
  1. 1Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Canada
  2. 2Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine. University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
  3. 3University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria
  4. 4Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, UK
  5. 5Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
  6. 6Pharmacoeconomics, Adis International, Auckland, New Zealand
  7. 7Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
  8. 8Department of Health Systems Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
  9. 9Center for the Evaluation of Value and Risk in Health, Tufts Medical Center, Boston MA, USA
  10. 10Health Economic Evaluation and Technology Assessment, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
  11. 11Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  12. 12Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
  13. 13RTI Health Solutions, Research Triangle Park NC, USA
  14. 14Division of Headache and Pain, Brigham and Women’s/Faulkner Neurology, Faulkner Hospital, Boston MA, USA
  1. Correspondence to: D Husereau, 879 Winnington Ave, Ottawa, ON K2B 5C4, Canada donh{at}donhusereau.com

Abstract

Economic evaluations of health interventions pose a particular challenge for reporting. There is also a need to consolidate and update existing guidelines and promote their use in a user friendly manner. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement is an attempt to consolidate and update previous health economic evaluation guidelines efforts into one current, useful reporting guidance. The primary audiences for the CHEERS statement are researchers reporting economic evaluations and the editors and peer reviewers assessing them for publication.

The need for new reporting guidance was identified by a survey of medical editors. A list of possible items based on a systematic review was created. A two round, modified Delphi panel consisting of representatives from academia, clinical practice, industry, government, and the editorial community was conducted. Out of 44 candidate items, 24 items and accompanying recommendations were developed. The recommendations are contained in a user friendly, 24 item checklist. A copy of the statement, accompanying checklist, and this report can be found on the ISPOR Health Economic Evaluations Publication Guidelines Task Force website (www.ispor.org/TaskForces/EconomicPubGuidelines.asp).

We hope CHEERS will lead to better reporting, and ultimately, better health decisions. To facilitate dissemination and uptake, the CHEERS statement is being co-published across 10 health economics and medical journals. We encourage other journals and groups, to endorse CHEERS. The author team plans to review the checklist for an update in five years.

Footnotes

  • Elizabeth Loder—BMJ clinical epidemiology editor—played no part in the peer review or decision making of this paper at the editorial level, and contributed solely as an author.

  • The International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) Health Economic Evaluation Publication Guidelines—CHEERS Task Force acknowledge the support of Elizabeth Molsen; Donna Rindress, who provided the initial leadership for this effort; and the reviewers and Delphi panel participants, who are named in the larger explanation and elaboration document and on the CHEERS Task Force website.

  • Contributors: All authors provided a substantial contribution to the design and interpretation of the protocol and guidance, as well as writing sections of drafts, revising based on comments received, and approving the final version. DH conducted the analysis of Delphi panel responses, drafted and revised the protocol and the drafts of this paper, and is the guarantor for the study.

  • Funding: All CHEERS Task Force members are volunteers. Support for this initiative was provided by the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research.

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