Case-control study of severe pre-eclampsia of early onset.

doi:10.1136/bmj.287.6392.580

Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1983;287:580-583 (27 August), doi:10.1136/bmj.287.6392.580

Case-control study of severe pre-eclampsia of early onset.

M P Moore, C W Redman

Twenty four women with severe pre-eclampsia diagnosed before34 weeks' gestation were compared with 48 randomly selectedcontrols matched for age and parity. Subjects were studied inthe puerperium using a questionnaire, clinical examination,and review of case records. A history of infertility, headaches(particularly migraine), pre-eclampsia in a previous pregnancy,or a raised serum alpha-fetoprotein concentration at the timeof screening for neural tube defect in the index pregnancy wereall identified as significant risk factors in the pre-eclampticwomen. Maternal age, a history of chronic hypertension or renaldisease, or excessive maternal weight were not significantlyassociated with pre-eclampsia. Almost all the infants of pre-eclampticwomen showed retarded growth: 18 were below the 10th centileand only one weighed more than the 25th centile. Four babiesdied. These observations indicate that pre-eclampsia of earlyonset may differ from the late onset disease not only in itsvery high perinatal morbidity and mortality but in its distinctivematernal risk factors.

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