|
|
Relative risk (95% CI) of migraine
|
|
|
|
First author, year
|
Any
|
With aura
|
Without aura
|
Adjustment for covariates and confounders
|
Cases: controls or cohort size
|
Cases: controls or cohort size with migraine
|
Case-control studies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Collaborative group, 19757
|
2.0 (1.2 to 3.3)
|
NS
|
NS
|
Age, contraceptives, smoking
|
430:451
|
115:212
|
Henrich, 19898
|
1.8 (0.9 to 3.6)
|
2.6 (1.1 to 6.6)
|
1.3 (0.5 to 3.6)
|
Sex, age, race, date of discharge
|
89:178
|
17:20
|
Marini, 19939
|
1.91 (1.05 to 3.5)
|
14.85 (1.8 to 124)
|
1.6 (0.9 to 3.0)
|
Diet, obesity, alcohol, smoking, contraceptives, hypertension, diabetes
|
308:308
|
46:25
|
Tzourio, 199310
|
1.3 (0.8 to 2.3)
|
1.3 (0.5 to 3.8)
|
0.8 (0.4 to 1.5)
|
Age, sex, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, contraceptives
|
212:212
|
28:30
|
Tzourio, 19952
|
3.5 (1.8 to 6.4)
|
6.2 (2.1 to 18)
|
3.0 (1.5 to 5.8)
|
Age, sex, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, contraceptives
|
72:173
|
43:52
|
Lidegaard, 199511
|
2.8 (2.00 to 4.25)
|
NS
|
NS
|
Pregnancy, diabetes, hypertension, earlier thrombotic disease, other disease
|
497:1370
|
64:66
|
Carolei, 19963
|
1.9 (1.1 to 3.1)
|
8.6 (1.0 to 75)
|
1.0 (0.5 to 2.0)
|
Hypertension, smoking, cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, contraceptives, alcohol
|
308:591
|
46:54
|
Haapaniemi, 199712
|
2.12 (1.05 to 2.95)
|
NS
|
NS
|
Hypertension, cardiac disease, current smoking, diabetes, alcohol
|
506:345
|
86:42
|
Chang, 199913
|
3.54 (1.30 to 9.61)
|
3.81 (1.26 to 11.5)
|
2.97 (0.66 to 13.5)
|
Contraceptives, hypertension, smoking
|
291:736
|
71:88
|
Donaghy, 200214
|
2.98 (1.24 to 7.19)
|
2.79 (0.94 to 8.31)
|
NS
|
Age, smoking, hypertension, heart condition, education level, social class
|
86:214
|
26.26
|
Schwaag, 200315
|
2.11 (1.16 to 3.82)
|
1.0 (0.28 to 3.35)
|
2.5 (1.3 to 6.3)
|
Age, sex
|
160:160
|
37:20
|
Cohort studies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Buring, 199516
|
2.00 (1.10 to 3.64)
|
NS
|
NS
|
Age, smoking, hypertension, cholesterol, diabetes, heart condition, exercise frequency
|
213:21 952
|
19:1479
|
Merikangas, 199717
|
2.1 (1.5 to 2.9)
|
NS
|
NS
|
Age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, heart condition, alcohol, smoking
|
423:12 200
|
NS
|
Nightingale, 2004*
18
|
2.33 (1.04 to 5.21)
|
NS
|
NS
|
Age, hypertension, physician
|
190:1129
|
16:44
|
Cross sectional study
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kruit, 200419
|
7.1 (0.9 to 55)
|
13.7 (1.7 to 112)
|
2.3 (0.2 to 23)
|
Age, sex, smoking, hypertension, cholesterol, alcohol
|
161:140
|
NS
|
|