Editor's Choice | This Week in BMJ | Press releases



BMJ No 7105 Volume 315

Press Releases Saturday 16 August 1997


Embargoed: 00.01 Hrs 15 August 1997 UK time

Reasons for increase in CJD remain unknown...
... but young people's eating habits should not be overlooked
Ban on gelatine use in drugs will hit patients
Larger babies mean healthier hearts...
...and brighter brains

Reasons for increase in CJD remain unknown...

[Sporadic Creutzfeld-Jakob disease in the United Kingdom: analysis of epidemiological surveillance data for 1070-96]

The overall incidence of Creutzfeld-Jakob disease (CJD) in the UK has increased in recent years, says a paper in this week's BMJ. But the largest increases have been in people over 70, which may reflect better diagnosis than any real change in incidence, say the authors.

They found significant excesses of cases of CJD among workers on dairy farms, but say that there is a similar incidence in other European countries where BSE is rare or absent, suggesting that farmers are at increased risk of CJD for reasons other than exposure to the agent which causes BSE. However, the existence of a group of comparatively young CJD patients with unusual neuropathological changes remains unexplained.

The results of studies of transmitting human CJD to mice and the future incidence of CJD in the UK and elsewhere will be important in judging whether the causative agent of BSE has infected humans, they conclude.

Contact:
Dr Bob Will

CJD Surveilance Unit
Edinburgh

Tel: 0131 332 2117
Fax: 0131 343 1404

... but young people's eating habits should not be overlooked

[Age related exposure of patients to the agent of BSE should not be downplayed]

In an accompanying commentary, Dr Sheila Gore argues that the age-related exposure of CJD patients under 40 to the BSE-causing agent should not be overlooked. Young people tend to eat more burgers and kebabs, she says - for example, in 1986-7 these foods were eaten by 45% of 16-24 year olds but by only l 3% of those aged 50-64. Many of the 'new variant' CJD cases have occurred in people who were under 40 at the onset of illness.

[Age-related dietary exposure to meat products from British dietary surveys of teenagers and adults in the 1980s and 1990s]

In a separate paper, Dr Gore and colleagues analyse evidence from a dietary survey of 2197 people aged 16-64, carried out in 1986-7. In addition to the striking age differences related to kebab and burger eating, the youngest age group were also more likely to eat meal pies and pasties.

An on-going study, to which 19,000 men and women aged between 45-74 and living in Norfolk have been recruited, also shows a similar pattern. 27% of the youngest age group (45-54) consumed burgers at least once a week, compared with 12% of those aged 65-74.

Improved categorisation of data - for example, to differentiate pork from steak and kidney pies and types of sausages and burger - would be helpful in future surveys, say the authors.

Contact:
[only available until 15.30 hrs Wed 13th]
Dr Sheila Gore

MRC Biostatistics Unit
Cambridge

Tel: 01223 330 368
Fax 01223 330 388

or Prof Nicholas Day

Tel: 01223 330 300

Ban on gelatine use in drugs will hit patients

[Bovine spongiform encephalopathy threatens drugs in European Union]

In a letter, Alan Earl-Slater, senior lecturer in health economics at Keele University, argues that the new scientific steering committee of the European Union should publish the evidence to support the proposed ban on drugs containing ingredients derived from beef, sheep or goats. "Who is going to benefit from the lack of evidence based decision making: the millions of consumers of meat, jellies, sweets and drugs?? he asks.

Contact:
Alan Earl-Slater

Dept Medicines Management
Keele University

Tel:01782 583 562
Fax:01782 713 566

Larger babies mean healthier hearts...

[Birth weight and risk of cardiovascular disease in a cohort of women followed up since 1976]

Larger babies are less likely to develop cardiovascular problems in later life, reports a study in this week's BMJ. The authors studied the records of 121,700 female nurses, and found that birth weight and the risk of non-fatal cardiovascular disease in adult women were inversely related for both coronary heart disease and stroke.

The association was driven by the small proportion of women at the extreme ends of birth weight, report the authors. If there is a difference in cardiovascular risk among the 87% of women with normal birth weight, it seems to be minimal, they say. The association is also largely independent of established risk factors for heart disease and stroke such as cigarette smoking, ethnic group and socioeconomic group.

Although the study suggests that cardiovascular benefits might arise from measures to reduce the incidence of low birth weight, it is not clear which of the many environmental and genetic factors that determine birth weight might also affect cardiovascular risk. Further research is needed to identify whether there is a specific mechanism that affects both birth weight and risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood, they conclude.

Contact:
[availability not confirmed]
Dr Janet W Rich-Edwards

Harvard Medical School
Boston
USA

Tel: 001 617 421 6011
Fax: 001 617 859 8112

...and brighter brains

[Birth weight and cognitive function in young adult life: historical cohort study]

Another paper reports a study of 4,300 Danish conscripts, whose birth weights were correlated with their army IQ test results at age 18. The authors found that those who had had a birth weight of up to 4200g increased their test scores in paraIlel with their weight, but there was a slight decrease above a birth weight of 4200g.

Fetal growth does seem to influence adult cognitive performance, they conclude, and this could have important consequences for care of the mother during pregnancy.

Contact:
Dr Henrik Toft Sorensen

Aarhus University Hospital
Denmark

Tel: +45 8942 31 86 or +45 8942 3075
Fax: +45 8613 1580
e-mail: HTS@SOCI.AAU.DK
Home tel: +45 8622 0489


Embargoed: 00.01 Hrs 15 August 1997 UK time


Please contact Public Affairs Division for the text of the paper & the authors for further comment

For further information, please contact:

Linda Millington on 0171 383 6473
Public Affairs Division,
BMA House,
Tavistock Square,
London,
WC1H 9JP

or telephone (8.30am - 6.00pm): 0171 383 6254
After 6pm & at weekends: 0181 651 5130 0181 997 3653 0181 674 6294 0171 727 2897

Or fax requests to Public Affairs Division, BMA on 0171 383 6403.

If you currently receive your British Medical Journal press release by mail and you would like it faxed to you please telephone (0)171 383 6123, Fax: (0)171 554 6123 or E-mail: LRiviere@mail.bma.org.uk

When dialling the UK from abroad, remember to delete the first zero from the local area code, eg, (00 44) 171...

BMA on Internet page: http://www.bma.org.uk

Please ensure you quote the British Medical Journal when publicising an article


Home | Current issue | Past issues | Classified ads | Career Focus | Feedback
Collections | About this site | About the BMJ | BMA | Medline