Letter

A theme issue by, for, and about Africa

BMJ 2005; 331 doi: 10.1136/bmj.331.7519.779 (Published 29 September 2005)
Cite this as: BMJ 2005;331:779.1

Maternal mortality in rural Burkina Faso

  1. Issiaka Sombie, medical epidemiologist (isombie.muraz{at}fasonet.bf),
  2. Nicolas Meda, medical epidemiologist,
  3. Odette Ky-Zerbo, epidemiologist,
  4. Michèle Dramaix-Wilmet, professor of biostatistics,
  5. Simon Cousens, professor of epidemiology and medical statistics
  1. Centre MURAZ, 01 BP 390 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
  2. Université Libre de Bruxelles, École de Santé Publique, Laboratoire de Statistique Médicale, CP598 B-1070, Brussels, Belgium
  3. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT

    EDITOR—Volmink et al identify maternal mortality as an important health challenge in Africa.1 Using a census approach with one year recall we estimated the maternal mortality ratio in a population of 44 000 women of childbearing age in Houndé, a rural district in Burkina Faso, to be 406 maternal deaths per 100 000 live births (95% confidence interval 281 to 566). This is probably an underestimate, based as it is on recall and verbal autopsy. We probably missed some deaths altogether and may have misclassified some maternal deaths as not maternal because only 15% of all deaths among women of childbearing age were classified as maternal—a low percentage compared with other reports from similar settings.2

    Nevertheless this figure is 40 times higher than in Europe or north America. With a total fertility rate estimated at 6, the lifetime risk of maternal death for a woman in this population entering the reproductive period is one in 35.3 Many of these deaths could be prevented with simple interventions: of the 34 maternal deaths identified, 10 were due to haemorrhage, seven to sepsis, and four to prolonged labour.


    Embedded Image

    Credit: GIACOMO PIROZZI/PANOS

    Overall 58.8% of the families commonly reported delays in making the decision to seek care, obtain transport, or receive care. The district hospital does not have the facilities for blood transfusion, and the cost to a family of a caesarean section is $100-200, against an average monthly household income of $4.4 Poverty is thus a real barrier to progress in reducing maternal mortality.1

    Footnotes

    • Competing interests None declared.

    References

    1. ↵
      1. Volmink J,
      2. Dare L,
      3. Clark J
      . A theme issue “by, for, and about” Africa. BMJ 2005; 330: 6845.
      OpenUrlFREE Full Text
    2. ↵
      1. Stanton C,
      2. Abderrahim N,
      3. Hill K
      . An assessment of DHS mortality indicators. Stud Fam Plann 2000; 31: 1113.
      OpenUrlCrossRefMedlineWeb of Science
    3. ↵
      1. Meda N,
      2. Ky-Zerbo O,
      3. Traoré A,
      4. Fao P,
      5. Nebie Y,
      6. Traoré Y,
      7. et al
      . Mise au point d'un programme d'intervention pour une maternité à moindre risque en milieu rural au Burkina Faso (projet SAREDO): principaux résultats de l'analyse initiale de la situation dans le district sanitaire de Houndé, région sanitaire de Bobo-Dioulasso. Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso: Centre MURAZ/OCCGE, février 2001.
    4. ↵
      1. Institut National de la Statistique et de la Démographie (Burkina Faso)
      . Analyse des résultats de l'enquête prioritaire sur les conditions de vie des ménages en 1998. Ouagadougou: INSD, 1998.

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