EDITOR—Recently, Perneger tried to establish that adjustments for multiple testing are unnecessary.1 However, the main arguments against multiplicity adjustments are based on misunderstanding of and a lack of knowledge about simultaneous statistical inference.

Firstly, Perneger equated multiple test adjustments with Bonferroni corrections. The Bonferroni procedure ignores dependencies among the data and is therefore much too conservative if the number of tests is large.2 Hence, we agree with Perneger that the Bonferroni method should not be routinely used. This is, however, no argument against the use of multiplicity …